{"entities":{"Q1344345":{"pageid":1355084,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1344345","lastrevid":70203357,"modified":"2026-04-13T13:08:40Z","type":"item","id":"Q1344345","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Precise optimization using range arithmetic"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 721014"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$743C033D-1636-4971-9D48-703591F73918","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"49628c36ac978660b967a52c96a8a2efbed0db07","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Precise optimization using range arithmetic","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$8FF72251-CC2B-4CF1-8075-5046745F9490","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"c05f7a0b09b681b8edc8e6616184e00389751599","datavalue":{"value":"0832.65055","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$DA839A90-ADBD-4B2D-9B72-F2C2DEFC6AD4","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"0cff55e7db3929ec76eac06ea99fd7f6beeb803a","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/0377-0427(94)90062-0","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$C9E09122-EF07-4BAA-8343-1FC3C20880F7","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"506fe7a286de7572616de9549dcd9b617dc962ef","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1262729,"id":"Q1262729"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$D7F170C5-9889-40EE-80BC-A2238D09457E","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"9291c21615d62497aa2bb6404791ba4d7844695d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":61355,"id":"Q61355"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$D1D83B02-408B-4A38-A056-43D37D258EC1","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"0c56b32a11bb039652dc2aab78babd20f4bd9104","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1996-03-05T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$A4086816-0AC8-4FB7-BE89-BF401C64ACC0","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"9173b6c06d97bf49d990ff297152e8493861fdd5","datavalue":{"value":"The author considers the search algorithm for local minima of smooth unconstrained functions given by \\textit{R. Fletcher} [Practical methods of optimization, Vol. 1: Unconstrained optimization (1980; Zbl 0439.93001), Chapter 5]: (\\(k\\)th iteration)   (i) given \\(x^k\\) and \\(\\nu^k\\), calculate \\(g^k\\); if \\(g^k = 0\\), then exit;   (ii) calculate \\(G^k\\); while \\(G^k + \\nu^k I\\) is not positive definite, increase \\(\\nu^k\\);   (iii) solve \\((G^k + \\nu^k I) \\delta^k = -g^k\\) for \\(\\delta^k\\);   (iv) evaluate \\(r^k = \\{f(x^k) - f(x^k + \\delta^k)\\} /\\{q^k(0) - q^k(\\delta^k)\\}\\);   (v) if \\(r^k > 0.75\\), then reduce \\(\\nu^k\\); if \\(r^k < 0.25\\), then increase \\(\\nu^k\\); set \\(\\nu^{k+1} = \\nu^k\\);   (vi) if \\(r^k \\leq 0\\), then \\(x^{k+1} = x^k\\); otherwise \\(x^{k + 1} = x^k + \\delta^k\\).   The author shows how this algorithm can be adapted to range arithmetic in order to guarantee convergence and generate correct results. Finally, he provides some numerical examples.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$C16FD575-499F-4658-A0D8-318CFD775F04","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"3a655b5f5d7da80362dff8aea46e2601ef6b3e30","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":751198,"id":"Q751198"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$BED7C660-2A0B-4479-9FFB-ACAAAFF65492","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"0b4fa5b59eb6fe6e43618f9e005f4a49f4390971","datavalue":{"value":"65K05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$2C387591-9949-47A7-A21F-EC7BC875722A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"4d2aa49789d35e35613e1a84ce4788bfee1559e6","datavalue":{"value":"65G30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$018036F1-5752-49E5-849E-3646D01F6A2F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"52de7d4bf5a27d5ad252804eec58396bb3e40c44","datavalue":{"value":"90C30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$E9F51B02-42CA-4A7B-956E-C29DDD51CFAB","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"354530603ed2c511e4b3733c24f3143ceb1b821a","datavalue":{"value":"721014","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$166C8E95-D107-4C0D-9574-0B0F9C1CB52D","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d5114f36699dd112848850e77d5d166d65d72f00","datavalue":{"value":"unconstrained optimization","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$B5892FA3-3945-4064-AF39-4D9757B9F7C7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"ea1454aed231ae5b76b54d0991b4ef495c79aea4","datavalue":{"value":"search algorithm","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$6A4DF126-A34E-4707-B809-694AC99F5CFC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"fe7dd9aa0f3942de3e8dc5f13be411ae13b404f2","datavalue":{"value":"range arithmetic","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$E50BB4B2-DA62-458E-9BD1-E9CF74824DD2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"03ee0109af41ad406ecd743518061baaa9e5e3ff","datavalue":{"value":"convergence","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$0BCBAFCA-71A6-4A38-8E70-40FCD6CB8ED3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"1d74cb5419439f42eb1ba8891c8722bd3702922d","datavalue":{"value":"numerical examples","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$E4F38F99-D742-4128-9CB9-C46B79216F71","rank":"normal"}],"P1463":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1463","hash":"3852b35a0bd132878a9192adc9c7239cdf4b4678","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":18056,"id":"Q18056"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$21964EDD-FD8D-45C6-B897-E51C14652177","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$9C51520B-4068-4D8E-BB2E-CFBD9452D32A","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"a40a77b48f35e0085bd1f42cae693b4ff9d30e6e","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-0427(94)90062-0","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$F0B08228-084A-4203-8095-35F10DADB9F4","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"4fbe879d4c83c82a9f9cdac037ca40802cde2537","datavalue":{"value":"W1995106605","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$137F2C13-C1FB-48FB-8D37-B5F972B8A3F8","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3dc324c7f896d41628e1938b6f2a77a359f47fc7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3994368,"id":"Q3994368"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$23CB5786-9D06-4728-9BD7-960E33C69250","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"377c308405f955e2776ee8c9a31c828e7efe59a8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4371820,"id":"Q4371820"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$62561115-81D6-4D94-AF54-E78E40715C07","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6d752a73b9dc7f9e3c254ee6115c1b4614cbf1c8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5514034,"id":"Q5514034"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$A181DB8C-C567-4BC0-AD76-6355FE0AF4E6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"94abc8705ebb37f31d87bcf9eca153668a350887","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4226179,"id":"Q4226179"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$3F8109DB-57C0-4F70-B634-0C9097B3EA1F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"987d5fe9e1eb7279bb9d67d0f9ef48946c41eade","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4004279,"id":"Q4004279"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$0114042C-A2A1-4411-97AB-58D76B75204C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ee1ed35e24533712b2c078b403f2fce7e51b332f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3207999,"id":"Q3207999"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1344345$659A4BAE-E2C2-4081-825B-0863BBE41508","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"481e790d592fbf44d8cb3a711403caf46e1c8a52","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4371820,"id":"Q4371820"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"75006e974e08071d4a8c20ee8d86c8a2c0ecdfd0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8782554","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1344345$A12645F0-A811-4DFE-A1EE-BF9CCF418EE1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f840ddf5e168e89b2268b761d6b07ba0a51a6aea","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2021992,"id":"Q2021992"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2523b1ec87a1f2fb65db0ebd2bd708da30dd8270","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8609258","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1344345$3AF5DFC1-4DAF-4DD3-8FC5-21C6D65B3C7C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"55c34c4684e2924926ca466208b5bdf6b40498d1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3339166,"id":"Q3339166"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"781d34f7db1cf16412e166ceb6206d51d61e5452","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.85719967","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1344345$5A510FFE-23FA-438C-8204-DED4410BDA84","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7f0974bad1ad65dea890d1208930b25e771706ce","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1195361,"id":"Q1195361"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0d35c159245aad2130e59613c25c417d970fdf6a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8498008","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1344345$6585CFA7-2930-4114-AB3F-398B4A77285D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"63cd0fb80cbb3cddf5da72d98c7a782eddad5c49","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1318309,"id":"Q1318309"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"db91357c67fd1353cf5f564ee30614bee463ad24","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.84424573","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1344345$25C7FF8E-8FAC-4987-A949-FF3BD131615D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f001ab60d1ee6494cf7615450ff4d8d287dae272","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4685569,"id":"Q4685569"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4d2676de9d880fb5e0aa4fc55a95b170f86918dc","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.84101295","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1344345$9298B639-240C-496F-A50B-FC66ABCDA320","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"666e987b4939c30f445a43de9f367ce05728cde6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1195964,"id":"Q1195964"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2c4645bf4d7eb8b53d58ee125d7c8b988813f80d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.84094316","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1344345$EBFB8B6F-686E-41B5-BAC3-8FF5A4E56B44","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"10f3593e00b2ac0027de974f35dd972fc8fe9850","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4037198,"id":"Q4037198"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b4ec03b81eefffe203c92dbb419bccdc07e7afeb","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.83492786","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1344345$C55EF20E-187C-42F7-8EA0-BE445AC20082","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d811b9575aeeea3f2a37c8edc28c145637e32529","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1779570,"id":"Q1779570"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c7d36fdf0267bf36875919743e7c82d5eedbd842","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8341009","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1344345$B0B1EF95-1068-4164-8ECF-518AA62C6475","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Precise optimization using range arithmetic","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Precise_optimization_using_range_arithmetic"}}}}}