{"entities":{"Q1345105":{"pageid":1355844,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1345105","lastrevid":55887103,"modified":"2026-02-20T20:43:35Z","type":"item","id":"Q1345105","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"A Fermat principle for stationary space-times and applications to light rays"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 727295"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$FF58EFBF-595B-4F40-B40C-150E42E54E47","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"30d5e5ee7de7c7090ba30d943b8547a910d71ff6","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"A Fermat principle for stationary space-times and applications to light rays","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$103F7617-FBAA-412C-8A16-CD20C58BADB6","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"098a267921d4be93556806d687e98fbc20a65d9e","datavalue":{"value":"0819.53037","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$5336C54B-A3E4-48D6-B19A-6A9C8B495AC3","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"1adac647eb4a4daacf32795f1906e684c6bf32b6","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/0393-0440(94)00011-R","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$AA2EAE38-3273-4832-B850-6BD8E1B466CD","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"28ddaefd7f97d3e79759636e39c6913acc55e9c0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":202235,"id":"Q202235"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$E4D3B35B-BA28-4487-9D33-F30E4C4A39F4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"9c16d9d06ffc603a873baead37c0069056faca53","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":336205,"id":"Q336205"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$DA2E2F2D-5892-4041-AE11-33431A976C82","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"b8370cc32c83bf91c170925dea9e243cc5c97b64","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":202236,"id":"Q202236"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$8FFF217D-C089-47FE-9FF6-3660D0368DF7","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"69769b5c2eec8087b3ffa9e7a20e4533cdd75f07","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":166065,"id":"Q166065"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$60C10CF6-DE99-453A-8C99-DEC2C144DD31","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"b5f0b3a9d31db416d9f7625e454224df6f1d89bc","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1995-02-26T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$2BD7E9D6-75B8-4B0F-A94B-272C2AE2F717","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"2f10ca9c7402392b9389fd84990b89e6d821783a","datavalue":{"value":"The work presents an extension of Fermat principle in optics to Lorentzian product manifolds with conformally stationary metrics. The existence and multiplicity of null geodesic lines joining a given point to a timelike curve is studied. The Morse theory is used to relate the set of these geodesic lines to the topology of the space-time. As an example, the results are applied to Kerr space-time outside the stationary limit surface.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$A08BC976-D75F-4133-A6C3-BB1AFC227853","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"31e9073a7cdd4fcbb21071c8d1c20700829fe049","datavalue":{"value":"53Z05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$535A4699-D2F3-46A8-81BD-274BB4F35DF2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"ad7aa9d8ba59fcd68539a4141f2ae278b023fd9d","datavalue":{"value":"78A25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$F11D4815-C147-4442-829A-7BB4B9759795","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"96ed2daf613acd4f0fcebde58f8d732edbf9cf47","datavalue":{"value":"83C50","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$7CEF353F-BD10-4A86-8074-E89662A2111F","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"32e65474fc9fa4648489df22a1537405a8143cb4","datavalue":{"value":"727295","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$89600917-B8FB-457B-9315-6ADE3E4D3172","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"c849c49a84b68358fc9e18df82f5f10755c44078","datavalue":{"value":"light rays","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$1B72F7A9-49A0-424E-9104-FC5572C41C52","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"abc33cb8c56542909f8a0810a7df45d127502812","datavalue":{"value":"Fermat principle","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$CC545CBC-BCFA-4CCA-A13A-9829B429BD81","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"bbbde381263c61e437431c6687659389c3835c46","datavalue":{"value":"Lorentzian product manifolds","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$E123FB42-006E-4732-BBC1-C6816357A27E","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"3bd67fcd232ef7f6320fcaa0cff5586c5c6c49a7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":420658,"id":"Q420658"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$732852AA-CA3D-47A6-AD3C-3509887C0547","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$46A103A5-AC33-4818-95B3-017A62B931F0","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a16290af90cf7e84268cc6baeccf1532408e8735","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2537431,"id":"Q2537431"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$215AAAC7-56B6-44BA-9E90-8D80C6C681B6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ab6b5551c23b086cd897319e442458a5af7c02d0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1328481,"id":"Q1328481"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$4027B4CA-59B6-4E5A-B703-56C7553EE962","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0cc2e9fd90cbeb9bba30d86f3805eaa22264f411","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4278442,"id":"Q4278442"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$BC016B1D-487D-4630-9F18-47E09392AB60","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e110dd936b91b04bf781bd5dc4c258104d974eb7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4033101,"id":"Q4033101"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$4E423D8E-53D7-4788-85BF-76885C937BB2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2ccab86f53d3b056c6e1d69635f2f63cd868ed26","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1428320,"id":"Q1428320"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$4786360E-8011-4EA9-A967-16A23E552FFE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"de4ac472b351b575c45a2ddb3201180163b5e29e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1340949,"id":"Q1340949"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$9066D582-94F5-456D-BE72-EAE577DF9B25","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e7f122272ce98bc5187e14d9e193f5a8e0c0c6b5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":811525,"id":"Q811525"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$42AEFAB2-C463-4E4B-B13B-7A5FA3C8B793","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8ddf81583bf5c264c67dae658247b2bfb0d43403","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4853560,"id":"Q4853560"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$F79951E6-9F0D-4901-A3AD-27D080278657","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"23f091d13f792ce6da6758bf094e35b2fed2cbbe","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4008892,"id":"Q4008892"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$C6578267-6D8E-4F3E-B85E-18CEA096D9E8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1cfd675d2d4732816cf3b839b81b41391b91a372","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1180534,"id":"Q1180534"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$6718681E-0B53-43B0-9C98-A9BA348B250D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"361ac7d42a730a88c59b0d8dfa496210cff5e25f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1918505,"id":"Q1918505"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$E36FE2DD-0EC3-4F40-B6DA-14EE9E3DDE96","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4406a9fabaa39e3e87ed6ac1e8770134e14f975d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1905012,"id":"Q1905012"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$248404D6-0E2E-4019-A9D9-3AF039185F44","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"54125103c15b72a5c9c2c657dd87cfc3ddbe8ce5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5681251,"id":"Q5681251"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$826A91E3-373C-4ACF-8E49-AFE84773EEE4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c8a0f9acb478f3eb2137cd1fdb3e38f53eaf76f0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1328999,"id":"Q1328999"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$26730234-B957-4EBE-9DCE-2C761DD3F2AC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e068752b1f790504d57870689666e0cb76372d65","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":767257,"id":"Q767257"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$C9A00398-6DE3-4773-8675-13326538CBEA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"32f2b8564e8aa2c471755b97e61b426c4fa045d2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3312869,"id":"Q3312869"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$A7D2C082-C371-449C-B2D9-96F2E74A32D1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cbfd7ddd03d60883004354c8aeade530163fbecd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2626743,"id":"Q2626743"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$0CAC0A11-6286-4A1E-93A9-1F74EBE5A618","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a26a43ba623a3807ed783b48c0374cf117c27347","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5613831,"id":"Q5613831"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$B57C8329-1FC4-49A2-B73B-62CB745F3740","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7b62c50a30fbb3a3c8ff211948564e8b77aa4bc7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3488842,"id":"Q3488842"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$16500A27-5A89-48A6-9F38-36B390133E1B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2b7c40d5abc04ab2cdd6153655a93a0c7425abc3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5601742,"id":"Q5601742"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$0A6F0060-FB34-4E2B-A789-F112B72B5F43","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"41e6378be0b61d6eac07738f41e914ef26e83908","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5548152,"id":"Q5548152"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$A22DF0D1-3E83-471E-A4F1-E7ECA55AB7E9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"380a2e5b444862f1397ca54584d48bd73a1da171","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1224354,"id":"Q1224354"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345105$0B466A47-E784-4F10-9422-1C250B35B2CA","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"940bee3718f9570127c7e566c54bcff3e8b83e8d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4486827,"id":"Q4486827"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8f9410bd473fed57688acf37f5df739730133de5","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.898720920085907","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1345105$3228D0C4-B2DB-41BD-B6EA-AB91600BBBE4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"30ef72dc271365c2d847da9cbd93df0c104f07aa","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1608975,"id":"Q1608975"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f48c732dfb5edd389d1feffc6f647554f569bbeb","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8853099346160889","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1345105$A8F03E1E-54A6-461E-BE98-691AA6755238","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"340abae9f64fb87aaa7582467292876f641910d9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1921891,"id":"Q1921891"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9303a2e0c0f81fc75d028cd107e970df9ff8316a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8548049926757812","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1345105$5F5F77FC-CCF5-4DB9-819B-BFB9CC634A49","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9c34281399cd8dc9791138b812a9d2015e04e9f7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1807284,"id":"Q1807284"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9722b137b2b33839c498bf2ffa5e3653422f191c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8470490574836731","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1345105$4EB41924-EFF4-4940-B931-CA1FB538C782","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:1345105","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:1345105"}}}}}