{"entities":{"Q1345157":{"pageid":1355896,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1345157","lastrevid":68516385,"modified":"2026-04-13T00:14:11Z","type":"item","id":"Q1345157","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Causality and Cauchy horizons"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 727348"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$73C055B0-469C-46AD-93BE-37181949F3B9","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"832b3bb92c74d8a7fc275c78955de9803ecd01ca","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Causality and Cauchy horizons","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$C8441132-4895-4E98-93AF-2ADDF84B8D1E","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"2652487a61719ca6cdb326a538b098c371623db5","datavalue":{"value":"0815.53073","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$33354167-0CB2-4B61-93F7-4C277A72ED54","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"9ad7a4121cfa4415f6b05a31e7ac957799f434ff","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF02105677","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$C98A8059-0004-4F65-A6C3-AA3FDEF38D40","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"2fc77fe105d45b78755a0f8cb001a1f9a1ed660e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":910011,"id":"Q910011"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$30CB90DE-6A2B-4773-808C-74DB5CEAB0AE","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"5ede15773d5cae3601e1836405f1764e26cdf905","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":173404,"id":"Q173404"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$F1199C0D-FA17-4068-A603-2BD61E3D3710","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"b5f0b3a9d31db416d9f7625e454224df6f1d89bc","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1995-02-26T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$2CB4EAE4-B5FC-4A1E-8EAB-18A18C0EF515","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"c9b48383725fdd45e449d947ee7b3139d6722d0c","datavalue":{"value":"The author studies various notions of stability for Cauchy horizons. Here the topology with respect to which stability is considered is (mainly) the fine \\(C^ 0\\) Whitney topology for metrics. Denote the unperturbed spacetime by \\((M,g_ 0)\\). He calls a partial Cauchy surface \\(S\\) stable if for any nearby metric \\(g\\) \\(S\\) is still a partial Cauchy surface. He can then show that the Cauchy horizon \\(H^ +(g_ 0,S)\\) of a stable, partial Cauchy surface is locally stable at \\(p \\in H^ +(g_ 0,S)\\), if either there exists a null generator of \\(H^ +(g_ 0,S)\\) which is not past imprisoned in any compact set or \\(p\\) is in the boundary of the chronology violating set. (The definition of locally stable is an intuitive (though complicated) one). This result has an analogue where, loosely speaking, the point \\(p\\) is replaced by a compact subset of the Cauchy horizon. Hence compact subsets of the Cauchy horizon can be controlled under such assumptions. He also shows that this stability is implied by the strong causality condition. Finally, he considers stability of the topological structure of the Cauchy horizon. If the Cauchy horizon is stable and compact then the original metric has a neighbourhood \\(W(g_ 0)\\) such that for all \\(g \\in W(g_ 0)\\) with wider light cones than \\(g_ 0\\) the Cauchy horizon is homeomorphic to the original one. The author complements his results with many examples which suggest that stronger results would be hard to come by: Cauchy horizons can be very unstable in general.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$CE2D16EF-D5D6-42ED-B958-E7A6A3D0FBBB","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"cba7ad267868666b1aee2992746bc16d7ac85340","datavalue":{"value":"53C50","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$45E8AC75-E85A-4D9E-8069-8516893D1BD7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"262af2b4d0f085a37c802c1b887ee2f9309c18be","datavalue":{"value":"83C75","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$D2826FC6-DB8E-4DB2-BC6A-9CF6FC4DD279","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"31e9073a7cdd4fcbb21071c8d1c20700829fe049","datavalue":{"value":"53Z05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$982CDFC3-70A4-4CA3-B749-92A589ABA708","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"412bffe9f581f7a2ee1d51e077ed3f43d962ee92","datavalue":{"value":"83C57","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$504141FF-B88C-49AC-AA8F-3F5DA77CDBB7","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"cfbae19e1bc3a60863654ad5b920f19b3a67dcc9","datavalue":{"value":"727348","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$1F3D534A-376A-4548-B54E-E54ECFC74ADA","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"0f5fd0af71e370acce631c91f8e006449bdac154","datavalue":{"value":"causality violation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$0A2EBE1E-6A15-492F-8348-17A350DE18BB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"56aa70380ae6c964d3e9b4d6276782f56297d0a2","datavalue":{"value":"causal analysis","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$44739F6B-0866-4359-B2FA-CADD7EC73BC3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d11ee7408107c48d9cb3480bab15f9d497315085","datavalue":{"value":"Cauchy horizons","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$F76AE231-A983-4DB7-9ECE-BA89568FCA0A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"47e8051a9fde6ba08e49bd14316f5ce764bd1193","datavalue":{"value":"\\(C^ 0\\) Whitney topology","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$1FC17B63-AC00-4A18-B98C-614EBFA4EFF3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"c547379208f31446e5d67b4d85e889df08d5e316","datavalue":{"value":"partial Cauchy surface","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$EC62BC5B-F8BB-4458-9D2B-0D386CBBD248","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d55a819a60ae410d5a002fb634301d0c89fca28d","datavalue":{"value":"locally stable","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$7B77CC74-6C92-4D10-AA05-BCC8FF9CD9F9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"415394cb5926a678c1fc9a28dab6be49154889bb","datavalue":{"value":"chronology violating set","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$178100D8-A688-484C-B08C-3A89BAF1BE89","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"34b44e7b40021effdee26093512bde7058814281","datavalue":{"value":"stability","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$3BAFE23B-A231-4D56-B7B2-B929795E4D3F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"bfacb287b972dbfe4f72130b9704dd69360cf96d","datavalue":{"value":"topological structure","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$06BCF389-28AD-4018-855D-645DCD304B5F","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"d8c6fa836152c78c2162ddb052cc9fe9372ae5cb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":189795,"id":"Q189795"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$B5A05C20-1411-4285-AD32-7BD1EE7CDD43","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$7016B00D-02FA-4555-B202-0EF97BB7161C","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7b5a0f9f45af46cd5c5d5e20fb87ba03d88a15e7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5573098,"id":"Q5573098"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$650A4A75-447C-4BC2-971B-5BC25D09A50D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"12725bc4fd7775b41997dd2b7ae3005885e0783a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3913406,"id":"Q3913406"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$EC6C85A5-D101-446C-B60C-05D705A0316F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1a3929e3ece5bc0a27858c3c193f6f4cfca8cb35","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5583820,"id":"Q5583820"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$E91E45F1-26D5-4E04-A0E5-1BF2D82B67E9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"54125103c15b72a5c9c2c657dd87cfc3ddbe8ce5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5681251,"id":"Q5681251"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$87DE8D78-7F30-4A3B-869A-18280E2FE2D7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"95ad5f2779005381a88fea16824a1232c3a5f46c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1801531,"id":"Q1801531"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$E72FB9EE-32C9-4DFA-8768-61D5BDC875DE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"dd6de10b1e2db32e4e01942cc04b04c84c480790","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":793998,"id":"Q793998"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$630B18DF-2609-477E-8971-AB31B09F1612","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1c33d2800ed6a55e56cfc43643f47e76bd025c1c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1056397,"id":"Q1056397"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1345157$B568E0B4-E38A-4A4D-8E5A-DBE30F12E9DC","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"87e9480bb702a9a3bc4884a0e9f8a26deead1619","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1413783,"id":"Q1413783"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"18777bd0cd12bc5303149fb0f5142dc485efcc95","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8688357472419739","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1345157$5CD6DF25-B5A3-43AE-891A-F823CAC1C5EC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e2cd62b0fdb8f0b61dddc43695b5675c4ae10b6e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1381000,"id":"Q1381000"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"269bd0415bf0d9461926e81ad490abdab9e002f0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8640553951263428","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1345157$6F662418-F893-4816-9C8D-ED4E67F1AB94","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"467200a10090bf4817f6a7d48e3b76be13ecde4e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3183678,"id":"Q3183678"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"df6b8becb3aad7e2905066f0c183c9a176dfcce9","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8640549182891846","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1345157$45FE3524-B040-4F81-A6FC-5DBD924F542D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c965f99c0bb0cf52984d427b3fe966d7ef3f58cb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1801531,"id":"Q1801531"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c2715b0306af3a85795e7b943d7ea6be7349e139","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8084062933921814","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1345157$77720BD5-A127-4623-817F-564EE48DF94D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"29180ecdcc085b7d8b2af33c8634677504559b8f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2851780,"id":"Q2851780"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d12bf259223505f1a938d1e50924765c00f7ad1f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7856228351593018","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1345157$E02D65F0-3363-4D2A-80D9-95E126B0D510","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Causality and Cauchy horizons","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Causality_and_Cauchy_horizons"}}}}}