{"entities":{"Q1375138":{"pageid":1385878,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1375138","lastrevid":67274061,"modified":"2026-04-12T16:31:44Z","type":"item","id":"Q1375138","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"On a theorem of Ingham"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1103022"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$3CED20AB-E34F-45FE-8D0C-DA746CDF9F1C","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"ea82aaf87fc46ae8d71d0db7350aa828480986e2","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"On a theorem of Ingham","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$7F06D0CD-0B45-4774-BF41-40E454579187","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"f5bf3e87c655d315c9e2a1e9208ebc6e2bc6b29e","datavalue":{"value":"0939.42004","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$3B1FDD40-2B6C-4D96-90A4-23F5FF810DEF","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"98b188eedf39ce6909a014af43ddf7870405b802","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF02648885","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$6594461D-8ED8-4916-ADB3-222D31E56568","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"fe1d14edb26194c7e0c300862a03b5037be36124","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":346653,"id":"Q346653"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$6D50F72F-F993-4383-A562-ED5B64E7B8B5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"e35dda6dc942b0ea964ae9093ba9ad78ab72f998","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":325361,"id":"Q325361"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$827FA3E3-CD36-49ED-BFE6-ED54002AB4C7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"d2a384e5c6c88fb3d58054df0abc84067edd92af","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":332665,"id":"Q332665"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$A93B63A4-B8AC-4F74-8A7C-D555F6BB11B5","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"f641d71910538d27feacd2f5e551abb068288fd3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":170527,"id":"Q170527"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$E4FC09AA-FC8D-4556-AE0A-B8FAAD302F96","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"4993c96b5883d3155d8178388e3695ab48e8b733","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2000-07-03T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$4B61D383-640D-4A7C-8DA1-B4AE45B1C83F","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"6fe3a42f440d89dd4db075b3cece5d8842fd795e","datavalue":{"value":"https://eudml.org/doc/59526","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$C282E506-7AC1-4BE3-8172-F4F321CE9550","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"09fec89b801f6a8cfbd8c35dc9368274003fdcee","datavalue":{"value":"The problem of determining under which conditions a sequence of the form \\((e^{i \\lambda_n t})\\) is a Riesz basis has been settled by \\textit{S. V. Hrushev, N. K. Nikol'skii} and \\textit{B. S. Pavlov} [Lect. Notes Math. 864, 214-335 (1981; Zbl 0466.46018)], but their condition is difficult to verify. The main result of this paper is the following:    Theorem. Let \\(\\lambda_n\\) be a strictly increasing sequence satisfying  \\[  \\lambda_{n+2} - \\lambda_n \\geq \\delta > 0.  \\]  Let \\(A = \\{n : \\lambda_{n+1} - \\lambda_n \\leq \\delta/2\\}\\) and \\(B = \\{n : n \\notin A\\) and \\(n-1 \\notin A\\}\\). For any \\(T > 6\\sqrt{6}/\\delta\\), there exists \\(C>0\\) such that  \\[  \\int_{-T}^{T} \\left |\\sum a_n e^{i \\lambda_n t} \\right |^2 dt \\geq C \\sum_{n \\in A} \\bigg ( |a_n|^2 + |a_{n+1}|^2 \\bigg) |\\lambda_{n+1} - \\lambda_n|^2 + |a_n+a_{n+1}|^2 + C \\sum_{n \\in B} |a_n|^2.  \\]  This result can be used to determine whether a sequence of exponentials is a Riesz basis, and to find lower Riesz bounds. However, the initial motivation for the result arose in the context of control of partial differential equations [\\textit{S. Jaffard, M. Tucsnak} and \\textit{E. Zuazua}, J. Differ. Equations 145, No. 1, 184-215 (1998; Zbl 0920.35029)]. The proof of the theorem uses properties of \\(B\\)-splines.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$6AD25583-5D83-401A-863A-E00033B376D7","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"34e0de8440374c905b8a48812bd45fe6c8596461","datavalue":{"value":"42A63","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$BACBA94A-9897-456E-BD4F-EE7F62697B88","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"d8dd9c69425583f4af0c6a8474c13dde4540c943","datavalue":{"value":"42C40","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$6914854F-4239-48FC-B9A2-687E6AD1287D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"c3a0cffdbdea5f7c87c3c84ac020691cc45a8c4f","datavalue":{"value":"42A75","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$C8D57855-9A69-4213-A642-17C89249D95A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"aaf992460d0fd1f607fc7490f074f296f10796f4","datavalue":{"value":"49J20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$F2355918-2674-477B-AF68-1C2BAD53A976","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"93e7ad05e2046c4ae72fca48be36631051f9e6af","datavalue":{"value":"42A65","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$794E3C9D-0FA1-4941-BE1F-CBF9F3583B6D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"a18d4cf36603fe699f6a4d1486a254d9514d558a","datavalue":{"value":"41A15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$C82718D6-58A8-4F58-9F1D-9C643214BFCE","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"01eff1ed819a31bdebcfe65d655adefa77c958a4","datavalue":{"value":"1103022","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$66252E4F-E2A7-4879-970F-9B86D14B41F1","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"23f3989470878cd40baf80ba068fff48e6fdb5a6","datavalue":{"value":"nonharmonic Fourier series","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$9BD1C029-511A-444B-8271-371F8E13B310","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"81dcd4dc864e7c74c42d34a761ce9c33e91368fd","datavalue":{"value":"Riesz basis","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$A9294BA2-1C7A-417E-992B-17A83E2CF892","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"58540d1b2f413f77405f9a1570cf71a72f8b5bf9","datavalue":{"value":"spline functions","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$E3AFB66B-988E-4EF2-9C1A-A42B312D0B56","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a19f8f590add17957873e5968af5433b8e1926f5","datavalue":{"value":"control of PDEs","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$5AC16861-5557-4D68-865C-6E4356C5B309","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"77ebc213a70b90ab1d1ae189035a168a2ebcfdaa","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":590158,"id":"Q590158"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$FB75D0E6-98A4-443E-8710-3A85B6B153E8","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$43D78D30-6C78-42AF-9184-CCA65DA6611C","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"23eb0c0df594ece373cdb53d7ad601e4394eeb5e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5816822,"id":"Q5816822"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$A952CF32-E402-4772-9838-1D77DD9558DC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"bb69f89f1dcec8790f7844f2e1d56f55351d1711","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2645106,"id":"Q2645106"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$3316DCC3-FA58-4363-99DB-D7761B012058","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"05ed6dca682a71499b5e31a55e714fae8d3ef1ae","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1265093,"id":"Q1265093"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$603FE1C4-4749-4072-99F7-E733DD649E7E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"dab8d1538c6e81ba29f431ef8e729c31f96af7a2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3290823,"id":"Q3290823"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$7DD1DE8E-781E-4D86-91B0-23253F4F62C9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"79133e947a55f8106e8a65b55ce5a05faf24a059","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3995482,"id":"Q3995482"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1375138$F04033BC-68F0-4C8B-8173-092A28300C5E","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7e3beaa7b7f5352f198c36b66ff0426ded652406","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4237972,"id":"Q4237972"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a97a960d316124c3117ede8857bb77a0050d67e0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8322449922561646","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1375138$2A62FBA0-0748-4EFC-A454-861BC6E710EA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"170fb59d9a0c39a75f59b9b2efd0264341fb936c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4219555,"id":"Q4219555"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ab98cfcd1a00bd016865712ba763249812daaf21","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8204759955406189","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1375138$05BDEDC2-F558-45FE-A95A-854818B190D4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"dc0daf7eb83ac501bcbd4e2576546d23bcedcfa6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4329674,"id":"Q4329674"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"508831d7956fe33eb2e414d9fb913295106ded9b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8199222087860107","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1375138$25FAF30E-9BD5-4EB2-BD51-AD457634B611","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"09612716f4ca31c6d4f76c28ede63dcb46293330","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3708513,"id":"Q3708513"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1797002b83aa72c9ec7baef22c3163702c7c33d4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7884706258773804","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1375138$D55FC064-7E9B-40DC-A951-C972EF0EC4A9","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"On a theorem of Ingham","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/On_a_theorem_of_Ingham"}}}}}