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However, new application problems have required reformulating model problems concerning carcasses on graphs as well as creating methods and algorithms for solving them. \\textit{N. Christofides} [Graph theory. An algorithmic approach (1975; Zbl 0321.94011)] formulated the general problem ``on basic subgraphs with preset vertex degrees'':  \\[ \\sum^n_{i=1} \\sum^n_{j=1} c_{ij} x_{ij}\\to\\min,\\tag{1} \\]  where \\(x\\in\\{0, 1\\}\\), and \\(c_{ij}\\) is the weight of the edge connecting the vertices \\(i\\) and \\(j\\). The introduction of preset vertex degrees was formalized in [\\textit{A. F. Gorshkov} and \\textit{Yu. M. Solomentsev}, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, Ross. Akad. Nauk 337, No. 2, 151-153 (1994) (Russian), and Russ. Acad. Sci., Dokl., Math. 50, No. 1, 23-27 (1995; Zbl 0842.05084) (English)] with the vector  \\[ S= (\\sigma_1,\\sigma_2,\\dots, \\sigma_i,\\dots,\\sigma_n)\\tag{2} \\]  of fixed degrees.   Problem (1), (2) will be called the Christofides problem. A particular solution to this problem for a one-component carcass with a preset degree of a single vertex was obtained with the Gabow algorithm [see \\textit{H. N. Gabow}, Networks 8, 201-208 (1978; Zbl 0384.90105)]. The Gabow algorithm however does not give a complete solution to the Christofides problem when the degrees of all vertices are preset. For the first time, the Christofides problem was solved by the replacement method [see \\textit{A. F. Gorshkov}, Sib. Mat. Zh. 26, No. 1(149), 44-48 (1985; Zbl 0571.05029)].   We consider minimization problems and problems on nonoriented graphs. However, the replacement method, which is completely reversible, can also be applied to solve maximization problems and problems on oriented 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