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Its character, for the most part prescribed, is stipulated by a lack of rigor in the very concept of a cluster, i.e., of an accumulation of points selected by certain criteria in a set of points. To choose a concrete mathematical formalism, one invokes intuitive arguments; only in some cases is this choice justified more or less rigorously.   We consider cluster analysis as a problem of constructing planar gradual mappings of some properties of a multivariate finite distribution of points. 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