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In the volume under review, the author gives a complete and competent treatise on the still open problem, although it was attacked by a surprisingly broad variety of different mathematical methods.    The five chapters are organized as follows: Chapter I: Introduction, including probability analysis, continued fractions, formal languages; Chapter II: Discrete dynamical systems on the natural numbers and the Collatz graph, density estimates; Chapter III: The \\(3\\)-adic averages of counting functions; Chapter IV: An asymptotically homogeneous Markov chain; Chapter V: A reduction theorem.    The origin dates back to the 1930's, but in the last twenty years there have been a growing number of papers published on this topic; the bibliography contains about 120 items. As the original problem seems to be intractable, there are a lot of interesting generalizations or weaker statements implied by the conjecture.   The note is very well written. 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