{"entities":{"Q1389154":{"pageid":1399894,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1389154","lastrevid":43075899,"modified":"2025-07-17T11:59:27Z","type":"item","id":"Q1389154","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Discrete logarithm based cryptosystems in quadratic function fields of characteristic 2"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1164303"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$9092D44E-AC00-4253-83CC-330D2EA57505","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"09349fd77ebfef301d6907f376f32bfa6d4e9929","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Discrete logarithm based cryptosystems in quadratic function fields of characteristic 2","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$0925D7F8-5991-4C9D-A69D-A3E272E7BC6C","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"f28388f655993829c171b2b3f035ad3aa8b6eeea","datavalue":{"value":"0922.94005","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$B78DFC84-C6B6-4119-ACF1-1439DDDEED14","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"96def45d153f82f159278fbc597626d3effe7917","datavalue":{"value":"10.1023/A:1008240113843","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$9C64915D-0F66-42AB-9E24-6AE9044B8CE2","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"e2a2e69dd86b610d14d59c1ad3116e2e6d47f71e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1281783,"id":"Q1281783"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$DD111934-E881-46FD-BB0E-20577D35BD4F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"492775ccc06d4e3047a316a7b009ae7782677ff6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":677168,"id":"Q677168"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$DB7A4604-64A4-4C20-80C8-22F870A0461F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"abb5582ccb71608b9128c8aaf571c23f57e9f81f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1355622,"id":"Q1355622"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$D0607BF2-2F27-4D4C-931B-C9925AAE85EF","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"fb34abbf39f11094509111953e4c62a22b1e3897","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":115940,"id":"Q115940"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$887B79D5-8494-4A24-9312-16EA2DBEE3B1","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"e144f075d6561f0baee229f11d83878c7fd2b117","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1998-08-12T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$A80F74D7-9D06-405F-B106-5CF00B6818F4","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"aa4f0de1657da69ebc36b2f096b3987287261245","datavalue":{"value":"A key exchange scheme in the infrastructure of a quadratic function field of even characteristic is described. It extends earlier work of \\textit{R. Scheidler, J. A. Buchmann} and \\textit{H. C. Williams} [J. Cryptology 7, 171-199 (1994; Zbl 0816.94018)] in fields of odd characteristic, using the equivalence class in the ideal class group, to function fields of even characteristic. Such key exchanges take place in an algebraic system which is not a group. The infrastructure of quadratic function fields of even characteristic is first examined. Two operations in the infrastructure are defined, the Baby-Step and the Giant-Step. The Baby-Step corresponds to one iteration of the continued fraction algorithm and a Giant-Step corresponds to ideal multiplication and reduction. The concept of distance in the algebraic system is introduced and algorithms are developed for computing ideals `closest to' a given value. These algorithms are used to define the key exchange and digital signature schemes in the structure. Section 3 of the paper gives the algorithms needed to implement the key exchange and digital signature protocols using the quadratic function fields. The following two sections give the protocols and examine their security in a manner similar to the Pohlig-Hellman attack in finite groups. The final section discusses implementations of the protocols.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$8F4D65DF-56A5-45D0-AF42-D87FF8B075A3","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b3f5570531d36cdad95fcc8cba24a2dabc5fbbbf","datavalue":{"value":"94A60","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$A2D423D0-81C6-474B-A515-57E5FB6AD6D5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"68c41041f241a1d16ef1fcc007ef2e6f2418a396","datavalue":{"value":"11R58","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$218B8C2D-7F7C-4813-9B53-4EC65C81D922","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"dcefd1e200eae54420c5080733f6b5a349da9f6a","datavalue":{"value":"11T71","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$6175981E-FA16-4520-B66A-98F51FB2A86A","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"193dfd0e2e556011d7c153122ddb990f8710ca70","datavalue":{"value":"1164303","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$2BB0A89B-9B8C-44B3-8477-3EDF3562D737","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"531e73b05eb92bf37dcb27572fd7cbb518b386af","datavalue":{"value":"digital signatures","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$22C5C817-8839-438A-A55D-4314C4FF3462","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d482642181e8b654ccbdfce3ee04905ecbc0e07e","datavalue":{"value":"key exchange","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$5AF06AA5-6BCC-4072-9EBD-7441157662D1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"70032e71995505ba6babffe0368734bd3ce03d6f","datavalue":{"value":"function fields","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$E1E257BF-D947-402E-B837-A1C6C7520A66","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"1e15dc5d5d8e3bb765a1ee2bbb32931074cb8b74","datavalue":{"value":"discrete logarithm","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$3EB1DC2A-01C7-4582-AB83-50BA8476DCCC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9f7f18292a0e7fa07fb82a4f7178a42fe05f64e5","datavalue":{"value":"characteristic two","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$3C333808-3EE5-4AEF-8BB9-38E595D8E2C1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"7f54243b3e01dd3899864c3d1da533713bfda799","datavalue":{"value":"ideal multiplication","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$9A6C8719-157D-4DA2-941E-B6C69355E6D6","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"d55353e7bc3d0614b86e9af78e82c119a2d0a9e0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":677137,"id":"Q677137"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$860F8DB8-D65E-491C-8151-36EB55D3EAC9","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$6D3B067B-EBCB-434F-99FB-BC2A183D02DE","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"6deb3157d80aa62cef243686524a82066c85bcd2","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008240113843","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$D0A8F1A3-F436-46A3-BE60-8F9CEA438394","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"36b0a1404324eed7896b51871851260f6fcc5644","datavalue":{"value":"W1969772521","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1389154$3469F138-E110-49AA-9DCF-686EBD235E9F","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1ee2aaada81b5fb31892cdc3febbaa35fe7ddce8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5931254,"id":"Q5931254"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7d43b1d2563ad31b279ff20ef911fde755bd5195","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8161684","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1389154$D919BD40-B59D-46F2-B93B-D40DBCA9D99B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"16566f2b3a4a19762b0f718d2dcd1bcc57662570","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1112782,"id":"Q1112782"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0cb88c90025842692fecae47f11a4f3b844a50ea","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7753581","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1389154$042EF18F-2D58-4DF6-AF96-25F5667B9C55","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3cb9c969504051f8bfb2f3aacf9d819b9740b200","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1335027,"id":"Q1335027"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"31f23e6a8e92656c4104cb8f119832e7122affdd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7609868","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1389154$686A9F72-7B32-4791-9411-BC9EE99648A2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2cf8b08745c83e2ba6e95d6479efa57464c65da9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3495438,"id":"Q3495438"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7d0345a88e9219d3795d40a09d97d513135fcf3c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7569988","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1389154$9F546AFD-7DFA-45BD-9BBA-C4D440CBB74E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6bb24975de629348980c863dcda4b1621784214a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2499271,"id":"Q2499271"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8cd092dd713ef6dc6a9130031ec5a83e0c07df90","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.75437456","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1389154$04F67636-9979-49D1-9E7C-816DD5DAFF12","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6b76919728384922bf03887069bfd379490497ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2915124,"id":"Q2915124"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7b6dd53f889adac71b82b5269d8befd4ded61868","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7543743","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1389154$F1DA5DF4-DA8B-4FD0-A074-D1751E14CF9F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"514ad1871776c2d6a7aed8fe98eb3bc01e74ea0b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4036862,"id":"Q4036862"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2dd6d7c88a98100dbedc79fd4fdb848d637c259f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.75014305","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1389154$BBD455E6-A261-4D05-9568-F313A6282372","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1ed5c7a74b80ab6cee840f2111f40db77b694a22","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3361886,"id":"Q3361886"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9677522c3fb0dc29083caa1fa411fcad82fafcd0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.74742824","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1389154$E198B977-BF09-4E54-838D-38D22DF066EC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ad45de40d9a0fff2fc6b51b787720bfe91ef0b63","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2764236,"id":"Q2764236"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9ee2cf3fb8a5c0d0cc24b7a3d231217005fd8e91","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.73929375","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1389154$76F726B3-044F-4764-967C-8D1FA683BB31","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"40c2f4cafd2f6b21ec00d0ca69a5a5e9be43add6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1910429,"id":"Q1910429"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"dd680239d27b8781739d8879b053fe4a8563faa0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.73320264","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1389154$FFE0EFFD-7CFD-4881-AE94-D5A242C85E8A","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:1389154","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:1389154"}}}}}