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The main achievement of the general theory of information is explication of a relevant and adequate definition of information. This theory is built as a system of two classes of principles (ontological and sociological) and their consequences. Axiological principles, which explain how to measure and evaluate information and information processes, are presented in the second section of this paper. These principles systematize and unify different approaches, existing as well as possible, to the construction and utilization of information measures. Examples of such measures are given by Shannon's quantity of information, algorithmic quantity of information or volume of information. 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