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Many examples are known of groups \\(H\\) for which there is no such \\(G\\), the easiest being the case when \\(H\\) is a finite non-trivial cyclic group of odd order. Several papers have been concerned with showing that groups from some specific class cannot be the full automorphism group of a group. This paper makes a further contribution to this discussion.   The authors prove the following remarkable theorem. Let \\(p\\) be a prime and \\(A\\) a finite \\(p\\)-group of maximal class. Then there is a group \\(G\\) such that \\(\\Aut G\\cong A\\) if and only if one of the following cases occur: (1) \\(p=2\\) and \\(A\\cong D_8\\) (when \\(G\\cong D_8\\) or \\(G\\cong C_4\\times C_2\\)) or \\(A\\cong Q_8\\) (when \\(G\\) is torsion-free Abelian) or (2) \\(p=3\\) and there is an integer \\(n>1\\) such that \\(A\\cong\\langle x,y,t\\mid x^{3^n}=y^{3^n}=1,\\;[x,y]=t^3=x^{3^{n-1}},\\;x^t=x^{-2}y^{-3},\\;y^t=xy\\rangle\\), in which case \\(G\\) is infinite of nilpotency class 3. In each case the nilpotency class of \\(A\\) is even and \\(G'\\) is cyclic. The interested reader should also consult \\textit{T. Fournelle} [J. Algebra 70, 16-22 (1981; Zbl 0457.20040) and J. Algebra 80, 106-112 (1983; Zbl 0509.20040)] and \\textit{U. Martin} [Bull. Am. Math. 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