{"entities":{"Q1415112":{"pageid":1425852,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1415112","lastrevid":68875353,"modified":"2026-04-13T02:48:50Z","type":"item","id":"Q1415112","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"On some center-like subsets of groups."}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2012560"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$B3F5A382-B6AD-432C-8512-BF3DD951B959","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"41f839691ff0a3e200c58c0fdef9609a881c3776","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"On some center-like subsets of groups.","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$1B0027C3-8D96-4760-9114-7F6250C55CB7","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"b254eedcf35a54404611cc87aa58cec47dabfc56","datavalue":{"value":"1036.20036","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$9F7B630C-1078-4B9A-B45B-95F16A27A069","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"0947992fee6b6cabf9a70e0a787eb345d0bc771a","datavalue":{"value":"10.1155/S016117120330328X","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$D1B926B0-4984-4A4A-9F2F-3A666D1715EA","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"c2b57f9b0c7eafbb7f6828c3c70faf8eba9826b2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":800999,"id":"Q800999"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$7AF754CD-76FC-469E-8CF4-DC5E174F69FC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"f7b68a55a4fbaa72683eb4abbb2ffe2d9cb0c66f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":227629,"id":"Q227629"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$D74B2D6F-A063-474B-8141-40A4C8786185","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"c4d14f6de16fedb57ef2f0703ad32e93709741b1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":162459,"id":"Q162459"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$39999211-8799-4DD3-8008-A0A2C3C59086","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"fa428ddf5085eebb022ccc0867c101d4374ab52b","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2003-12-03T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$E4F40D24-31F3-44BF-AA4A-A8DA87DF8BF5","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"639941060152ad8e336fa10d015cf1aa36c152d3","datavalue":{"value":"https://eudml.org/doc/50725","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$20B14225-FE81-4AEA-82F5-76B07E18D190","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"c828d1684f1c0120ca00be94de422547a11c662b","datavalue":{"value":"\\textit{G. A. Freiman} [Aequationes Math. 22, 140-152 (1981; Zbl 0489.20020)], proved that if \\(G\\) is a group with the property that for each \\(a,b\\in G\\), \\(\\{a,b\\}^2=|\\{a^2,ab,ba,b^2\\}|\\leq 3\\), then either \\(G\\) is Abelian or \\(G=Q\\times E\\), where \\(Q\\) is the quaternion group and \\(E\\) is an elementary Abelian 2-group.   The authors of the paper under review motivated by this result, define the Freiman center \\(\\text{Fr}(G)\\) to be the set \\(\\{a\\in G\\mid|\\{a,x\\}^2|\\leq 3\\;\\forall x\\in G\\}\\). It is obvious that the center of a group \\(G\\), \\(Z(G)\\), is a subset of \\(\\text{Fr}(G)\\).   The main theorem on \\(\\text{Fr}(G)\\) is: Theorem 2.8. For any group \\(G\\), one of the following is true: (i) \\(\\text{Fr}(G)=Z(G)\\); (ii) \\(\\text{Fr}(G)=G\\); (iii) \\(\\text{Fr}(G)=Z(G)\\cup aZ(G)\\) for any \\(a\\in\\text{Fr}(G)\\setminus Z(G)\\).   The authors also consider another similar subset \\(\\widehat{\\text{Fr}}(G)\\) of a group \\(G\\), called strong Freiman center of \\(G\\), which consists of all elements \\(a\\in G\\) such that \\(|\\{a,x\\}^2|\\leq 2\\) for all \\(x\\in G\\). It is proved that (Theorem 3.1) if \\(G\\) is any group, one of the following holds: (i) \\(\\widehat{\\text{Fr}}(G)=\\emptyset\\); (ii) \\(G=\\{1\\}\\); (iii) \\(G\\) is an elementary Abelian \\(2\\)-group.   In the last section of the paper under review, the authors for a group \\(G\\) and a fixed positive integer \\(n\\), consider the following subsets:  \\[ T_n(G)=\\{x\\in G\\mid xS=Sx\\text{ for every }n\\text{-subset }S\\text{ of }G\\} \\]  and  \\[ T_\\infty(G)=\\{x\\in G\\mid xS=Sx\\text{ for every infinite subset }S\\text{ of }G\\}. \\]  It is proved that (Theorem 4.1) if \\(G\\) is a group with \\(| G|>n\\), then \\(T_n(G)=Z(G)\\); and if \\(G\\) is any infinite group, \\(T_\\infty(G)=Z(G)\\). As corollary (Corollary 4.2) for any group \\(G\\) and any \\(n\\leq 5\\), \\(T_n(G)=Z(G)\\). The proofs involve only the consideration of various subsets related to these defined subsets in groups.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$65443DEA-3273-4A2F-A915-EBD15CA39D1B","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"ebb96cb004791185508e9f447d258889ef519c78","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":193089,"id":"Q193089"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$70C8621B-4737-49B1-9AB5-6627F4A4CDC9","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"7560d7c00da9c803324a799b9e549a4182d5fe47","datavalue":{"value":"20F99","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$9B9BC1AC-E921-4CDE-A77A-E423D19A27A7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"ea37469d91f3037e8b6809fc66f770f1b27a461d","datavalue":{"value":"20E07","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$CBDDF96E-0A42-4028-BFFD-6637967C89C5","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"a7b427c81ef22480e36f6caf97c3c566087a2ccf","datavalue":{"value":"2012560","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$3D882121-DA0F-4C22-9D5E-7062D724676F","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f36400c8506bf32f3e2e811273409158f0c05493","datavalue":{"value":"center-like subsets","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$8C30C1C0-C369-4277-82DB-D388E78B1968","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"523862f72ed9bcb7c1b56b80e4691262de2eb249","datavalue":{"value":"setwise commutativity conditions","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$5F233E41-D299-4954-9459-EDFDC9649FDA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"241147b5c4b309e7655cd7f58080c4cc203a44a5","datavalue":{"value":"Freiman center","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$B76C50C8-C1AC-48C5-9C29-2EA86DA8B0E9","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$B0DAC4C2-0291-420A-906B-A5EB5B358F97","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"fca762499538bf75cadcaa08d71e17ef114b32f3","datavalue":{"value":"W2160732915","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1415112$4CF6F13C-68CF-4B13-BC73-2A50B73552DD","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4f220588bc0e56b000f5e093ae182992d8c7dd8d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3373782,"id":"Q3373782"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"85dab819fbbd119ed2a862beec1a73cc89a95c86","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7805574536323547","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1415112$13EE26F3-796A-4B04-9627-1A27F9EDDF2B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"42258659e60d7ceb93d4a9c7de37fda6f4d12605","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3973771,"id":"Q3973771"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"cdba40952ab72e2b3b5422bc47c75e74fcd2b51b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7301478981971741","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1415112$E68FCA82-9B3C-471D-9568-D09CF724B289","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2c29aab8b8e87b2f9c06b9128dfe045040d73158","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1327045,"id":"Q1327045"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d3678c355759d6e071eb9503e447844dddc4f0c7","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7283051609992981","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1415112$623730DF-BEEC-4B01-8D0D-F06768DB1768","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"08b83dc8c1ed1317964ddf14e432aa2e0c35964b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4763492,"id":"Q4763492"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"030dde9a7e8ac26ca6e0412e8240c26875e05c88","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7271415591239929","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1415112$07A84758-9F57-4BA9-8B6B-AC9011DACBFA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4c7e6a6c31e73ac0ca333456e52c7e8e5c4b48c6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2277577,"id":"Q2277577"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6adba4376e6f17a34e5fc4552126692fda39f292","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7248358130455017","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1415112$4AFBE918-C8D0-453C-8A60-7340684C1ACF","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"On some center-like subsets of groups.","badges":[]}}}}}