{"entities":{"Q1424341":{"pageid":1435081,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1424341","lastrevid":48250063,"modified":"2026-01-04T02:58:54Z","type":"item","id":"Q1424341","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"A chain rule in \\(L^1(\\text{div};\\Omega)\\) and its applications to lower semicontinuity"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2055219"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$9B8F4E16-7A39-4D7D-B6CB-AF8D2E7989B4","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"3589329a66552a59b6ac537adc5d79a5fe627f9e","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"A chain rule in \\(L^1(\\text{div};\\Omega)\\) and its applications to lower semicontinuity","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$07BF96C3-6DD5-4B0F-BB94-EADF3DEDCE95","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"d9518a425d7e2852de39d34b762ea37228a4de9e","datavalue":{"value":"1056.49019","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$21B35F6D-58BA-47CC-B616-BF7579A3DDF4","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"a03e8f6deb340551f294dab7fcafbe9bb4e3f44f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":223352,"id":"Q223352"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$F39F237F-31B1-4577-806F-0E604E30BBF4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"3290a63e97203a504d133b5cf3e86dc7715a22af","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":226223,"id":"Q226223"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$EA4A894A-7829-47C0-AD9D-3587271D2107","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"46453928bbd5594c0ad95e36a43c8eef43d612fe","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":166239,"id":"Q166239"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$BA3131D1-C4A4-422E-B0B1-732491EC08C6","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"0b6c8851f7ca9b573a23f71c429912121ef1856e","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2004-03-11T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$60FDAB83-68D1-48DE-A535-A99A9E5A26E7","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"361a9684857c5e5e5663a858077fb1f2edfa594d","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(\\Omega\\) be a bounded open set, and let \\(L^1(\\text{div};\\Omega)=\\{u\\in L^1(\\Omega;{\\mathbb R}^N) : \\text{div }u\\in L^1(\\Omega)\\}\\), where div is the distributional divergence operator.   The paper provides various results, under weak regularity conditions, related to the validity of the chain rule, and to its applications to the lower semicontinuity of integral functionals. In particular, if \\(B\\colon \\Omega\\times{\\mathbb R}^d\\to{\\mathbb R}^N\\) is Borel, \\(u\\in W^{1,1}(\\Omega;{\\mathbb R}^d)\\), and \\(v(x)=B(x,u(x))\\) for \\(x\\in\\Omega\\), sufficient conditions are proposed providing that \\(v\\in L^1(\\text{div};\\Omega)\\), and the validity of the formula  \\[ \\text{div\\,}v(x)=\\text{div}_xB(x,u(x))+\\text{ tr}(\\nabla_uB(x,u(x))\\nabla u(x)) \\]  for \\({\\mathcal L}^N\\)-a.e. \\(x\\in\\Omega\\).   This result is then applied to the study of the \\(L^1(\\Omega)\\)-lower semicontinuity of the integral functional  \\[ F\\colon u\\in W^{1,1}(\\Omega)\\mapsto\\int_\\Omega f(x,u(x),\\nabla u(x))dx, \\]  where \\(f\\) is a not necessarily coercive integrand, convex in the last set of variables. Two types of results are achieved under the assumption  \\[ \\nabla_zf(\\cdot,u,z)\\in L^1_{\\text{loc}}(\\text{div};\\Omega)\\text{ with }\\text{div}_x\\nabla_zf\\in L^1_{\\text{loc}}(\\Omega\\times{\\mathbb R}\\times{\\mathbb R}^N). \\]  In the first one, continuity of \\(f\\) in the \\(u\\) variable is assumed. In the second one, the same condition is assumed in the \\(x\\) variable.   A survey on the story of the lower semicontinuity problem for the above functional is presented, starting from the pioneering results by J. Serrin, and several corollaries and applications of the results of the paper are furnished.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$6DE68804-FF65-4AC4-B238-30CD799213CE","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"cfa29f7a757172b4651c58566a98151c10e7b6ad","datavalue":{"value":"49J45","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$36B67F92-D552-4CA2-9D44-84DF2DC992C4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"35ea51f450552c0665383bdc80be84c2a4415a79","datavalue":{"value":"49J10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$0BF4194B-F562-47E4-A87C-3C536F5365E8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"4b61e45068a49d38884c7652bfe6757c8c73204a","datavalue":{"value":"26B12","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$531C2FC1-8544-451C-BF58-072AE431FE97","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"353133ad91218ff1349d1dd11f950e99b375e809","datavalue":{"value":"2055219","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$2E5D9239-59CD-4BCE-A5CB-3C3BD52C085D","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"10f3eb93fd6100f8154a87ca59c6b1050bb70d6c","datavalue":{"value":"chain rule","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$CD31BB43-2CF9-4F59-A8A6-091154F7C8E1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a06b91c0706351c91c299d9fc9b6f9765202e1b8","datavalue":{"value":"lower semicontinuity","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$8FB482AF-5757-49B2-9653-19B895FA8283","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"36f4ac418fcfbc629ece7a0f0d62ce18c9cbf97f","datavalue":{"value":"noncoercive integral functionals","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$CBE73BDE-16A8-4DDD-A914-A01B9409EBBB","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$C27830E1-A0C4-4BEE-8E75-B9F3C3A6C596","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"3a2fd42f72eecfad6f637cfd3ca60cad37d5d423","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00526-003-0192-2","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$599B3911-3D62-4062-836C-85D9644C687E","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"7b017e641425dc9cd702c994ef2aef4b53b73fc5","datavalue":{"value":"W1970462765","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$7BD41DDB-7D1E-4AF7-844A-717C573FCF0C","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"8750e7e67c4014b5cd3f6f8fe6af3ea619f06d91","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S00526-003-0192-2","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1424341$B2C684CE-201A-485D-8ABE-DB68D277AC47","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"777327fd4915dd1ff6a8193deff7b05369a783cb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3402518,"id":"Q3402518"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"beeef59ca1a345f8ee18af72e4167369105e0982","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8422484397888184","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1424341$0F61AE6D-1EAE-4DF4-B63D-3D0E535A0B51","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3d50657934b0675d01292f92d8afc9d4a9039b23","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":869261,"id":"Q869261"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8db505e7450b9e00106013d1b8b3024da3059da3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8404956459999084","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1424341$31085525-6E5F-4525-8EFD-B63AAB3FC5D2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ed02b7b9eb408e115f73eceafd257584ef6683c5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3217178,"id":"Q3217178"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d6e4ad3a69e892bfd3610b52f20165bb0e473c47","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.813890814781189","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1424341$CBA4FCF1-8023-4E35-9FDE-80DE180A10EF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"edc4d8e2cca12aef49f2fa4dc9638271e4f80110","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4713491,"id":"Q4713491"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f1645a3dfe8d8e3d95fb648a8a4e66f87a705ae6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8041393756866455","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1424341$D6EEF235-F8F9-44FE-9E29-5B43EEE15B3B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5bf08ce941b02e4ca232832c515a84cb4f648d51","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1041330,"id":"Q1041330"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e10a46c50a9918c4a822838b0956371a6dcf79a5","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.799676775932312","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1424341$90264491-0B55-49EB-A78E-B3DF754B8274","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:1424341","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:1424341"}}}}}