{"entities":{"Q1434040":{"pageid":1444780,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1434040","lastrevid":67541184,"modified":"2026-04-12T18:41:40Z","type":"item","id":"Q1434040","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"An analog of the Poincar\u00e9 separation theorem for normal matrices and the Gauss-Lucas theorem"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2077836"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$B853F6CE-3EC8-4AD2-9BD3-3F0F9A8B58D0","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"a5f89e8daad3f23979158765cb3cafc30ebb187f","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"An analog of the Poincar\u00e9 separation theorem for normal matrices and the Gauss-Lucas theorem","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$A56AD9BD-52EF-48E9-BB03-98818297C438","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"f2170ca5f9eb12ace322b2f43c23cec5fdb91cd7","datavalue":{"value":"1051.15013","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$15F6B3E7-1C7C-484F-AA14-75F5154FB89E","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"6809e9781fe04ad359f3883bf7ea11951b5b44bb","datavalue":{"value":"10.1023/A:1026044902927","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$3847EBA5-E82F-43B5-93E1-AD3CB66D4E2B","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"a6617117beed733fa58250e53068fe851e1e6ec4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":219788,"id":"Q219788"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$A9098C1B-C1E2-4054-9E9F-6988AAB3256E","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"7f1c91819e1068c0617e66c7ecdafdccd99ae8ff","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2004-07-01T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$9B6EF1C3-37A4-4CF0-A441-CB6466026A32","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"b04953683763d8fdcf2cd38880dfa3bc3c3e0541","datavalue":{"value":"The author states a number of theorems on inequalities of which the following are typical (proofs appear elsewhere). Let \\(q(\\lambda)\\) be a monic polynomial of degree \\(m\\) over \\(\\mathbb{C}\\), and denote the roots of \\(q(\\lambda)\\) by \\(\\lambda_{1},\\dots,\\lambda_{m}\\) and the roots of its derived polynomial \\(q^{\\prime}(\\lambda)\\) by \\(\\mu_{1},\\dots,\\mu_{m-1}\\).   (1) If \\(q_{1}(\\lambda)\\) is another monic polynomial of degree \\(m-1\\). Then there exists a normal \\(m\\times m\\) matrix \\(A\\) such that \\(A\\) has characteristic polynomial \\(q(\\lambda)\\) and its principal minor \\(A_{m-1}\\) of size \\((m-1)\\times(m-1)\\) has characteristic polynomial \\(q_{1}(\\lambda)\\) if and only if \\(q_{1}(\\lambda_{k})\\) lies in the convex hull of \\(0\\) and \\(q^{\\prime} (\\lambda_{k})\\) for each \\(\\lambda_{k}\\).  This can be recognized as a generalization of the Cauchy-Poincar\u00e9 interlacing theorem for Hermitian matrices.   (2) For all convex functions \\(f:\\mathbb{C}\\to\\mathbb{R}\\), all \\(\\alpha\\in\\mathbb{C}\\) and all positive integers \\(p\\leq m-1\\) we have:  \\[ \\binom{m-1}{p}^{-1}\\sum f \\left(\\prod_{s=1}^{p}(\\mu_{i_{s}}-\\alpha)\\right)\\leq \\binom{m}{p}^{-1}\\sum f\\left(\\prod_{s=1}^{p}(\\lambda_{i_{s}}-\\alpha)\\right) \\]  where the first sum is over all indices \\(1\\leq i_{1}<\\dots<i_{p}\\leq m-1\\) and the second is over all indices \\(1\\leq i_{1}<\\dots<i_{p}\\leq m\\).  This is a generalization of an inequality conjectured by \\textit{N. G. de Bruijn} and \\textit{T. A. Springer} [Proc. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam 50, 458--464 (1947; Zbl 0029.19801)].  (3) If \\(\\lambda_{1}+\\dots+\\lambda_{m}=0\\), then \\(m\\sum_{j=1}^{m-1}| \\mu _{j}| ^{2}\\leq(m-2)\\sum_{j=1}^{m}| \\lambda_{j}| ^{2}\\); and equality holds if and only if all the roots \\(\\lambda_{k}\\) lie on the same line.   This verifies a conjecture of [\\textit{I. Schoenberg, Am. Math. Mon. 93, 8--13 (1986; Zbl 0627.30001)].    Editorial remark: Other proofs of the aforementioned conjectures have appeared by \\textit{R.~Pereira} [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 285, 336--348 (2003; Zbl 1046.47002)].}","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$16C72282-D8B5-471C-9480-1A9F2DB4E73D","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"bac883d785667a63a92fc8927c00d4d1184f1321","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":590084,"id":"Q590084"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$ACB832BF-A095-4F7B-B743-08643EB1CE10","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"c21603f2a2de72aea22ccf7830ccc0f1291fe832","datavalue":{"value":"15A42","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$9B6641DB-EC0F-4F1C-9815-62F9CC314D2A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"0d78e388b062fdd7338bcba30f6223a2b5ff6bcb","datavalue":{"value":"26D05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$1021CFDE-DE60-4E09-AD60-EFED8F9542A7","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"41b903d09ecb01b4f22231d9260149daf55faa04","datavalue":{"value":"2077836","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$A72CA6C4-ED67-4DB5-B7F8-8BFEA91071D4","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f37cde4b661e8320249f27c82fd86710dd147a53","datavalue":{"value":"normal matrix","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$FA32FC7B-7D4D-4B25-9D9F-F23F90F1BD9D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f1267a15b8ae0f04dbc43b685500e681cf73c4a7","datavalue":{"value":"inverse problem","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$110F66C7-8A2C-4737-94C0-B1AF4608F707","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"33c108d4098f82fe01511e2ac2f4c75cdabadd02","datavalue":{"value":"Gauss-Lucas theorem","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$00155558-B2B4-456E-8657-9731A4137319","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"69ee7d4cde74b181b4fb208249d48c393b742686","datavalue":{"value":"majorization","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$73D5947C-B3BD-40C2-8AAC-DF4DC46DD11A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"cf8ea604a0caa84f4d4c668f209db78531490820","datavalue":{"value":"zeros of polynomials","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$226828CD-E1B8-4D40-B9D8-87B2CA5BE21A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"cd295a76506dc319e97597ae7070fff617780549","datavalue":{"value":"Cauchy-Poincar\u00e9 separation theorem","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$7FADBFB2-67D7-49CF-9895-DBEF616238AC","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$FF0C70D0-3044-47D2-B14D-8C0A27A5A31C","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"48b2539997c844509a949b6dcccd59eda0e2db36","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1026044902927","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$2AFE096E-5369-4F7E-96F5-414ED2904BAE","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"944579ad3d3943c3e670c3ecaca899e59d6b9d30","datavalue":{"value":"W1604697377","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$1CDEDE66-E34E-45CA-A062-AF0CEA3D01CC","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f6e2e5b46436f10d7442415b4b87eda823c5a9c4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3758983,"id":"Q3758983"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9eadfc815c075242ba668e1f2a0e288af6a10648","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.75923216","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1434040$DA7B5414-FC11-4C98-B78A-1888D4CAB613","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"10438782b53ac5575c2dc6a9cca430cf846e1972","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1892530,"id":"Q1892530"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a2027715fca6d76686dd542134e296c6c1d1b0ef","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.74084353","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1434040$6ECA8680-057C-4E44-AEC6-56F10C868E43","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0232ce9cf4127fdb46047db98a247d5e0acb7035","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1369250,"id":"Q1369250"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"304b132ef69419ee43a68644464e6e40a588a5b8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7052612","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1434040$36553DF9-F1B9-42EB-B8E3-75CF3B7B895B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5240b99e76e20dd1492e39c2ccaa0c4698a7b7be","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5078236,"id":"Q5078236"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c00d86f23c050fd76bcb8ac73967569fb6fc62fb","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7023054","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1434040$04F9016E-3A1B-4BCA-BB24-B2646A76B9E9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6a42fcfa0d7be7114cab3828585308e5009d9387","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5166860,"id":"Q5166860"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a5ebae0ca580804b2f07b8e3d2754b312503e0a4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7007453","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1434040$4B490D97-C338-4D93-BDF4-249CEA1BDCB3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c385f7c1d29d0462b9e6a78ce7df57bed9456c80","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5215222,"id":"Q5215222"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"09541ddbc20cdce62132e330ff13ea5209d4a60f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.69911915","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1434040$D9E86ADA-F64B-4253-A673-BED36CE3F917","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d9d2eba29cf60095d5259f80ce4118b746016aa6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":930133,"id":"Q930133"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a3cabc34375b5c068995e393bc63b98fe09cb422","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6985181","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1434040$146F4672-7B1B-41C5-BFE2-2C0E3F37A3C9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b4821bf527b17bf81535015bf0bcc0534e755ce3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4697614,"id":"Q4697614"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5b8a2f4a4e598428ba511cf0e72e1dde34d7a431","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6951813","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1434040$81D7E84F-B15E-415B-BE4C-00BB50DE7F3E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6f9461a3bc8e6c3ac8f83d2108ef6c6c917f7750","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3513489,"id":"Q3513489"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1a52851cbc1a5032a574cff0f729c8b762d0a6f1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6941056","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1434040$638FC835-1B0E-4D58-8056-DC6E2537A02D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b98a3921d7b7aa32e763817842ba97536feb998b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1813502,"id":"Q1813502"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a1bbab7a6cffc171212913eef87897357c64f456","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.69393504","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1434040$03BAE8CD-A97F-455A-8BBD-C61F4EA04229","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"11ee1b43b06806e961be810a1c10c587466650ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4183670,"id":"Q4183670"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1434040$9C181F5B-4210-4360-9134-41AF6CF3483D","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"An analog of the Poincar\u00e9 separation theorem for normal matrices and the Gauss-Lucas theorem","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/An_analog_of_the_Poincar%C3%A9_separation_theorem_for_normal_matrices_and_the_Gauss-Lucas_theorem"}}}}}