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These infinite products are generalisations of \\(S_1(x)=2\\sin(\\pi x)= 2\\pi x\\prod_{n=1}^\\infty\\left(1-{x^2\\over n^2}\\right)\\).   The duplication formulae in question are the elementary formula \\(S_r(2x)=S_r(x)^{2^{r-1}}C_r(x)^{2^{r-1}}\\) and more complex formulae which rely on certain special values of the functions. For example, \\(S_3({1\\over2})=2^{1\\over4}\\exp\\left({-7\\zeta(3)\\over8\\pi^2}\\right)\\) from which can be derived  \\[ S_3(2x)=\\exp\\left({7\\zeta(3)\\over2\\pi^2}\\right) S_3(x)^4 S_3\\left(x+{1\\over2}\\right)^4 S_2\\left(x+{1\\over2}\\right)^{-4} S_1\\left(x+{1\\over2}\\right). \\]  To see this, check that both sides are 1 at \\(x=0\\) and the logarithmic derivatives of both sides are \\(8\\pi x^2\\cot(2\\pi x)\\). 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