{"entities":{"Q1460678":{"pageid":1471418,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1460678","lastrevid":70541946,"modified":"2026-04-13T15:20:24Z","type":"item","id":"Q1460678","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Herleitung des Gau\u00dfschen Fehlergesetzes aus einer Funktionalgleichung."}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2598638"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1460678$BD424DED-5404-440C-B45A-7F82EF600C9E","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"28f59e43660e0dfb99707d5e5c856658be95af1a","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Herleitung des Gau\u00dfschen Fehlergesetzes aus einer Funktionalgleichung.","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1460678$E9DFB063-0049-4703-A4B5-AD4EECCB28FD","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"6ff5c9a7b150e957d062d6b96ef9f372427419f7","datavalue":{"value":"49.0366.01","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1460678$0DD8FDC6-C2D6-4984-8859-0E7EA0B01D21","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"c3322cf6b0524d0b303427372f05626b6051784b","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF01192398","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1460678$743158C3-1B02-413A-A0D8-998CFD63395E","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"dfa5bc95e1fdba4c3d3197123373583ef39a5b9e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":163114,"id":"Q163114"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1460678$A68677C6-5307-413F-BFDD-D65CE1424EB8","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"29f5b93ec8a510d7156ef7b86b53efcf0b19b0fb","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1923-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1460678$B0FA23B9-8A3A-4209-8A8E-1BE6551F3600","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"bc8408839b99ffda47076871f1b3a365f3b2c2c0","datavalue":{"value":"https://eudml.org/doc/167748","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1460678$2665082F-41BD-4332-9F22-4614F4ADA1E7","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"55c8a49b9726408deb2dd552b6e7fc310677842f","datavalue":{"value":"Wie der Verf. bereits bei einer fr\u00fcheren Gelegenheit bemerkt hat, ist das Gau\u00dfsche Fehlergesetz durch die Invarianz gegen\u00fcber linearen Fehlerkombinationen ausgezeichnet und durch diese Eigenschaft vollst\u00e4ndig bestimmt, wenn au\u00dferdem ein hinreichend starkes Verschwinden im Unendlichen gefordert wird. Jedes Fehlergesetz \\(\\psi(x)\\) erf\u00fcllt die Bedingungen  \\[  0\\leq \\varphi(x), \\quad \\int_{-\\infty}^{\\infty}\\varphi(x)dx=1; \\tag{\\text{I a}}  \\]  soll es eine endliche Streuung besitzen, so tritt die Bedingung hinzu, da\u00df das Integral  \\[  \\int_{-\\infty}^{\\infty}\\varphi(x)x^2dx=\\sigma^2 \\tag{\\text{II}}  \\]  existiert. Weiter sei  \\[  \\begin{cases} \\varphi(x) \\;\\text{in jedem endlichen Intervalle beschr\u00e4nkt und im Riemann-}\\\\ \\text{schen Sinne eigentlich integrabel.} \\end{cases} \\tag{\\text{III}}  \\]  Sind jetzt \\(a, b, c\\) positive Zahlen:  \\[  0<a,\\quad 0<b,\\quad 0<c, \\tag{\\text{I b}}  \\]  dann l\u00e4\u00dft sich die Invarianzeigenschaft bei linearer Fehlerkombination durch die Funktionalgleichung  \\[  \\frac1c\\varphi\\left(\\frac xc\\right)=\\frac 1{ab} \\int_{-\\infty}^{\\infty}\\varphi\\left(\\frac ua\\right) \\varphi\\left(\\frac{x-u}b\\right)du \\tag{\\text{IV}}  \\]  ausdrucken. Es wird nun nachgewiesen, da\u00df diese Funktionalgleichung mit den Nebenbedingungen (I a, b) (II) und (III) das Gau\u00dfische Fehlergesetz als einzige L\u00f6sung besitzt, und da\u00df die Beziehung \\(c^2 = a^2 + b^2\\) besteht. Die schon von Cauchy betrachtete L\u00f6sung von (IV)  \\[  \\varphi(x)=\\frac1\\pi\\int_{-\\infty}^{\\infty}e^{-t^N}\\cos xtdt,\\quad (c^N=a^N+b^N)  \\]  liefert f\u00fcr \\(N=2\\) wieder das Gau\u00dfsche Gesetz, gen\u00fcgt aber f\u00fcr \\(N\\neq 2\\) nicht den s\u00e4mtlichen Nebenbedingungen; sie nimmt insbesondere f\u00fcr \\(2 < N\\) auch negative Werte an, w\u00e4hrend f\u00fcr \\(N<2\\) keine endliche Streuung vorhanden ist.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1460678$336565BD-3615-454B-BB66-1F3AE9C1A4F5","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"9d098c99c10b4b288e92de2652c72fc0ac952139","datavalue":{"value":"2598638","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1460678$A1D930C8-7D87-4CD1-B26B-B8F1330872A4","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1460678$50153ED2-BD14-45B1-9BAE-1CB2CFA9A0F2","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"e05dbdd3e9760224638bea0533ece5afdb277962","datavalue":{"value":"W1982068181","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1460678$DDB49588-42B4-4F75-91B7-83BC2AE96173","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"29e95228ec4f82418bffa3be2d3583519072c498","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6672127,"id":"Q6672127"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1460678$A73E9C94-4911-4419-8FB3-1D697E078A63","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Herleitung des Gau\u00dfschen Fehlergesetzes aus einer Funktionalgleichung.","badges":[]}}}}}