{"entities":{"Q1567050":{"pageid":1577790,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1567050","lastrevid":70898166,"modified":"2026-04-13T18:03:13Z","type":"item","id":"Q1567050","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Morse theory without (PS) condition at isolated values and strong resonance problems"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1455253"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$280FAE5E-05C8-44F8-9849-57BA2B8CC824","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"85ddd7fddf33acbbbc367cc8783a7b25fe6c2ff2","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Morse theory without (PS) condition at isolated values and strong resonance problems","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$2DA4F62F-94E0-4031-AFF2-2F94948095CF","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"bac9b066d0070beb03f25ae1410795ac078ad6f4","datavalue":{"value":"0956.58007","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$BC0FFF9E-8794-47DB-A77F-304DBC020596","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"5beaadc36df539b00412f8aadb2960cb2df6b830","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":548611,"id":"Q548611"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$DA1BC6A7-49CF-4852-9AC1-F72D8386EF51","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"179a552e639dd4e7d34d706ca214961efe59a331","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":186950,"id":"Q186950"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$A935EBC3-5652-48EE-BD91-D14C8EB16BF4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"869a12073c156ef17e5a6007f93174989fd00167","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1783431,"id":"Q1783431"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$BA6105D8-851A-4391-B2C5-3E5897F77A80","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"46453928bbd5594c0ad95e36a43c8eef43d612fe","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":166239,"id":"Q166239"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$A3B1E455-0891-47FE-8E72-A000293FE234","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"a4ed9a44f7b8041b429a53d3f8e4cfd16b6f920e","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2001-03-04T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$F647A1B2-66C8-4353-9C0D-C720BB1A2625","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"0298d7d451105409c01c2a0fe9f289f9a42daaa0","datavalue":{"value":"The authors consider the elliptic boundary value problem  \\[ -\\Delta u = \\lambda u + q(x,u) \\quad\\text{in }\\Omega, \\qquad u=0 \\quad\\text{on }\\partial\\Omega,\\tag{*} \\]  where \\(\\Omega\\subset{\\mathbb R}^{N}\\) is bounded, \\(\\lambda\\) is an eigenvalue of \\(-\\Delta\\), \\(q(x,0)=0\\) and \\(q(x,t)\\to 0\\), \\(q'_{t}(x,t)\\to 0\\) as \\(|t|\\to\\infty\\). Solutions of (*) correspond to critical points of the functional \\(I(u) = {1\\over 2}\\int_{\\Omega}(|\\nabla u|^2-\\lambda u^2) dx - \\int_{\\Omega}Q(x,u) dx\\) in the Sobolev space \\(H^1_{0}(\\Omega)\\); here \\(Q(x,t) := \\int_{0}^tq(x,s) ds\\). An important role in the analysis of (*) is played by the set \\(\\Lambda\\) of values \\(c\\) such that for some \\(v\\in \\text{Ker} (-\\Delta -\\lambda) \\setminus \\{0\\}\\), \\(-\\int_{\\Omega}Q(x,tv) dx\\to c\\) as \\(t\\to\\infty\\). If \\(\\Lambda\\) is bounded, then problem (*) is called strongly resonant.    In this paper it is shown that if \\(\\Lambda\\) is a finite set, then the functional \\(I\\) satisfies the Morse inequalities, with an extra part in the Morse polynomial compensating for the loss of the Palais-Smale condition at the levels \\(c\\in\\Lambda\\).    This result is subsequently employed in order to show that under different sets of hypotheses, (*) contains 2, 3 or 4 nontrivial solutions. Here the set \\(\\Lambda\\) is a singleton if \\(\\dim\\text{Ker} (-\\Delta -\\lambda) \\geq 2\\) and consists of 1 or 2 points if \\(\\dim\\text{Ker} (-\\Delta -\\lambda) = 1\\).    The results of this paper considerably extend earlier work on strongly resonant problems where it was usually assumed that \\(\\Lambda\\) is a singleton and existence of only 1 nontrivial solution was shown. The fact that strongly resonant problems can be treated by a Morse theory which is very close to the usual one is of independent interest.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$8EF37942-0464-4A4F-9C1C-9FE22CC7C468","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"b6e7abff1c770df83ae5c82a53f493eda3842a9f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":206713,"id":"Q206713"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$74392315-E0E3-4BC7-B269-8A36D90333B1","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"20fa50569309ec8b384f89085ce43da238839a6a","datavalue":{"value":"58E05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$B904CE23-AD7D-4278-A097-075AA9B5A792","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"ac0d0a1735068e14c5cc68328a451df6429d2b84","datavalue":{"value":"35J65","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$DBDA3FCE-6499-4BAA-B486-7D29B8CE102E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"32159000614583666726e044b41cf3c8a1857498","datavalue":{"value":"47J30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$94066D76-8793-45B2-ADCE-05343CE7DE75","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"304d812891df8c7aab00f3748ad9adc77fdb8591","datavalue":{"value":"1455253","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$65253090-885E-4339-BBC4-B4BFDB9AFB01","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9e455893341bc4518c4ba17ca8adb98ff2fe331b","datavalue":{"value":"elliptic boundary value problem","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$0ED4CF36-6493-4B9E-B4BC-F1EBB3FB5EBD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"15c1b8034d0739c0b9477c2b0f2b9298acfc1ebc","datavalue":{"value":"Morse inequalities","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$51339B9C-B014-4864-A642-40D14F5A4D05","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"53b22665b9d3cc27acb634394abd36685b9765f8","datavalue":{"value":"multiple solutions","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$3A0B1A79-F7DD-443A-B83F-E5527FC89200","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f49b38fdb1ab06578ae252864143f040eca9057f","datavalue":{"value":"strong resonance","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$B399AD25-B746-4024-BF55-6FCEB5683F80","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$5F2DD8BF-FB7C-419B-B312-0301F101EA35","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"787df696eaa5d8d194d4142f59d1a21c30166f3a","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s005260050152","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$0A12BC36-337D-4558-A1AE-F9E5FC7A596D","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"ba1f1ddaa201f43c9352714b6635f0102ef32aa7","datavalue":{"value":"W2009683859","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$0FD5875E-6D30-4592-9FC3-99524B9DA02B","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"61dfc37630c9e62fb46a0ee23e29b4c724e143bf","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S005260050152","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567050$65C2384D-ED9B-46D6-8631-112F62913DA2","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"eb3ab4a9f8a695be0b12edecc412815e89548fdc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1423969,"id":"Q1423969"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6c3fdc4c2552eed1a9818f7baf75f14b84789a98","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8307834267616272","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1567050$1DC9E214-336F-4ED6-B161-11B2B114B8ED","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"faced01373146910f95245e9247b93c638759626","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":678125,"id":"Q678125"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d5959f7fb2607e06740adc045f043a5f87d17773","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8132336139678955","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1567050$02063672-7982-469D-B3C4-B7D7F8720239","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f8e6f2acf36ba0c7b757684b428c194fe80120c9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1343059,"id":"Q1343059"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c9e9699d6edf89754d7349ab126174e120228384","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8102059960365295","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1567050$F886101D-D571-4F8D-86FB-0C3046899B63","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a115a9eac8818bab5dff05e706eae827a14dedc3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2640202,"id":"Q2640202"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"68e699e85474a1d6177bb2d14bb032ef415a8618","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8038904070854187","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1567050$FFA3D9B6-0786-42BA-B0C1-689767B9629E","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Morse theory without (PS) condition at isolated values and strong resonance problems","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Morse_theory_without_(PS)_condition_at_isolated_values_and_strong_resonance_problems"}}}}}