{"entities":{"Q1567343":{"pageid":1578083,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1567343","lastrevid":74189199,"modified":"2026-04-14T18:52:07Z","type":"item","id":"Q1567343","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Introduction to \\(\\ell_2\\)-methods in topology: Reduced \\(\\ell_2\\)-homology, harmonic chains, \\(\\ell_2\\)-Betti numbers"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1455694"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$BC5FDFAF-4FB3-4BE2-BDB6-D1BD28C331C1","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"574a00cb82ed76b43de351913c0161ed889e4197","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Introduction to \\(\\ell_2\\)-methods in topology: Reduced \\(\\ell_2\\)-homology, harmonic chains, \\(\\ell_2\\)-Betti numbers","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$6C2E23FF-EED6-4098-87CF-F5E71B7691F4","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"88906caec91234af480a9f0a16713f9dc8801c0d","datavalue":{"value":"0948.55006","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$41EE69D5-9847-4E25-9E4B-8B1E2F4A7761","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"82bbdd27e657f4f27730887879e6476fb2cec858","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF02773570","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$6394E2F9-AB9F-4CC4-A093-A6CBE3C855F6","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"40c4cc74792535936a39f443ad4c07eb8c53d5b0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":202342,"id":"Q202342"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$60F22C9E-60B2-41CF-BF44-7D552E943E6E","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"1d50f9b953eac0b2404563f86ad398ee3823cb48","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":173732,"id":"Q173732"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$48ED9BF8-772E-4459-83E8-5E9EB81EB676","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"f75721fa752c9123eb70187b9a711f89662b7df4","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2000-11-19T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$A1B16AA1-C79A-4CC7-BEBF-2DFA429F25F6","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"febef3616327a806a662ad95fc08a78a45eb867f","datavalue":{"value":"The paper contains the notes by Guido Mislin, based on a course of Beno Eckmann at the ETH Z\u00fcrich. Its purpose is to consider the Hilbert space methods in algebraic topology which were initiated by Atiyah in 1976. First, the basic concepts about CW-complexes and Hilbert spaces are given: group of harmonic chains (isomorphic to both homology and cohomology groups), reduced (co)homology, Hilbert \\(G\\)-module, von Neumann dimension, \\(\\ell_2\\)-Betti numbers for finite CW-complexes. The \\(\\ell_2\\)-methods give the same decomposition, as in the case of harmonic chains, of the Hilbert space of \\(\\ell_2\\)-chains with the only difference that one has to replace the \\(i\\)-(co)boundary spaces by their closures. The ``Atiyah conjecture'' is formulated and one presents a new approach of this subject; the Cheeger-Gromov lemma on amenable groups is stated too. Using this lemma and the above machinery, the author gives some applications concerning (partial) Euler characteristic, finitely presented groups and 4-manifolds.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$7CFAAD8B-1561-4FB3-B610-6B2EDC9C22DC","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"ca1652c04c486a41f340ec690d2d55f894981f85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":589312,"id":"Q589312"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$65DB17AD-EDEF-4B4A-90DE-A4D7171CB4D8","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"1d4f62d49d679959889250c0021d9257856e4ae3","datavalue":{"value":"55N35","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$3E1AF1ED-1001-416F-A68E-5CBD5E4858DB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"2ef4689b633ee6ae9d67146255f9e821eb053616","datavalue":{"value":"57T99","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$FE4F86A9-C048-4F78-B6E5-AB797892BAEC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"ad0b16e1125698a4cbd0b924b08652f9816eac5d","datavalue":{"value":"55-02","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$0C770067-7DE5-494E-A7D9-534296457503","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"87f9181a5c6c2749c2e3a8aee2eb69a18506ebbe","datavalue":{"value":"1455694","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$CB5BC8E9-F124-4ABD-BAD4-39D442FC6A1B","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"fbc5d6ae6587bf0897a91029cc8bd8895a6d06b3","datavalue":{"value":"Hilbert \\(G\\)-module","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$C911FE1E-E21D-4B87-990A-77E341B7547B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"e0275e4ed14f8ef475120cddff178188186ebae2","datavalue":{"value":"\\(\\ell_2\\)-Betti numbers","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$30E4A785-4D5C-4BC6-8A29-6E622FBDC6EA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9825c8fafccd99003417deb2c8597fba6ffe3ca6","datavalue":{"value":"harmonic chains","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$0D03364B-7928-4219-BF39-9F4F9995B7F5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"5e16eeaf4dbf7e281b4ede20821b6f4472dc222d","datavalue":{"value":"von Neumann dimension","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$291F47CC-CB55-44E3-9A96-5A410C9D1D5A","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$45443671-32E4-4ADE-9F7E-8F69D072F4E4","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"98517248a69778c2444ef869186ebcc74762b7e1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4086472,"id":"Q4086472"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$D488624E-14F9-4740-A999-508694DF8DE4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a0b00d2343f2f596f3294539ab8ccebe85765d9d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4214025,"id":"Q4214025"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$0F96B198-FF17-4A7F-B08A-45699BC5E92A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b1199af326e695fecee0490867e65290ab72f2b0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1079240,"id":"Q1079240"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$352FCE25-6336-4505-B6C5-B4F08D443143","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"dcf85913973d34a1c25d568359b0e6f41129b7a1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1234515,"id":"Q1234515"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$4493E947-37DF-4C56-8396-E791DBCABE69","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"df542e066f9cd47e1490c37b7b614b79b2739b7a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1268770,"id":"Q1268770"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$97622496-BE43-4E49-803D-BC18193C1B9A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3264e8230c4c7fa976a6fad706970ebff9035b5b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2652842,"id":"Q2652842"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$3E6A26C1-0D18-44E8-92E1-7FE42C01C0D6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1dc3b2349bcca35d59731a0f4ff5163b66f29d65","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5792338,"id":"Q5792338"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$F57C2BF8-1167-40F0-BCEB-F9E334647E29","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8b508e44b4856806958ff6e815b02c6a5e87b587","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1195943,"id":"Q1195943"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$3E0B45B1-1BA0-4124-83F4-CC0621C4F9D2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"30fcc43b0cd8ce138fb00ed52f75d9dd8519e58c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1842233,"id":"Q1842233"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$3168B971-05FC-4CBB-83EE-47557499725A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"348c74ca928b082bbab579d386c1fb26277a45ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1384141,"id":"Q1384141"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$5B48CC0E-498F-4BE3-808F-635F7921A552","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ad6480c119002cf9debb032a789412f2c3d6c906","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1054033,"id":"Q1054033"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$8AC8F9C5-CDE5-47F1-AC6E-E01A2784409C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2ab60c9dbe41a7e4e20274ff69db7948ed8ef9c0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1151460,"id":"Q1151460"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$F52F98C8-FB0A-4578-9F57-E59A9DFC9EBA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b6bb66ec9d14f6debc69980fcbd479ca53de1c9a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1924202,"id":"Q1924202"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$43AD1785-CE45-45C7-8891-E50CA1524F6E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0f6551a59f619cb5db92ecc41bf06c0682b80fb6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3839254,"id":"Q3839254"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$4B9F925A-8BEE-4234-8275-063267D77F84","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7e4bb3b9580b616477b4eb2040766f9fee8f62c3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1059308,"id":"Q1059308"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$529446D5-EFE2-44BD-B739-E3473409FFE9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3e68306465f4299acf4a2085677c0f834160c887","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4276095,"id":"Q4276095"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$10755B4B-0C7D-45B4-9EC7-E7EBFB0FEB8B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"84c8ee9e8fa254c53f0b90a95110327d491cc539","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1327323,"id":"Q1327323"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$6A55056C-1DBF-4A30-9224-CEC235D7B3EA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6debb5b337ce95dc25c44b45b9d8e6a440b81695","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1380079,"id":"Q1380079"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$045327FB-ADAF-4B40-9DC2-47876B971588","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6db175a034e20766f951a8f3edc1f861978fbd0a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4040376,"id":"Q4040376"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$7454F31D-3E3C-41C0-80D0-8545B0F55D90","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6c3f65f5a1507b7f2e9b86f2f947bbf3a940fa39","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5673033,"id":"Q5673033"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$D098AA35-BE77-432B-AD3C-9046CB47BE7D","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"c5a803a3b900d45213f466a63d104748bd222f18","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02773570","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$DE8F1980-C65D-4F30-BF66-13EDED64DF5A","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"38c605d2b9d891e0d6b97d31b7f71db5bb55ffa1","datavalue":{"value":"W2318042960","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567343$C3121A0E-8E24-43F7-98D1-7977C6B737B1","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"adaa609cde05f108e448104d56ce09e777f35ec2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3434927,"id":"Q3434927"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5a834cb5858599a9613e0d684a87c913b3486eb3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8148028254508972","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1567343$9DE6E6AD-83FA-4741-9AC9-05FCC27AF1B5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"233b2518c8ec9e5ee71443254603076f82f4430b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3148984,"id":"Q3148984"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7b8252c62ecdd957e01bab1fca75c6873cf6d3ac","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7970523238182068","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1567343$0223B03F-93BD-4448-B238-20A06F6138F4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"83ddbc49c694a55860f08c7dc899216dbaa58368","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4496376,"id":"Q4496376"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"87f50f34b102c2ed3639df1f326be520412f6273","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7820050120353699","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1567343$389C74A7-57A8-4252-8A01-243EDDB16B63","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Introduction to \\(\\ell 2\\)-methods in topology: Reduced \\(\\ell 2\\)-homology, harmonic chains, \\(\\ell 2\\)-Betti numbers","badges":[]}}}}}