{"entities":{"Q1567362":{"pageid":1578102,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1567362","lastrevid":67987440,"modified":"2026-04-12T20:41:13Z","type":"item","id":"Q1567362","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Generalized Hahn's theorem"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1455710"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$9809D65B-803C-4300-9BBC-EFDCC9CAD593","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"f159f9e699c81fc5f2aa6289346e766665bca582","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Generalized Hahn's theorem","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$758E4777-9D1B-41DC-BE56-72464BBE270B","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"bebf63c36a04d845798c10677f8e8aeee9708285","datavalue":{"value":"0947.33009","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$8C66ABB0-B9E1-44FC-8CB4-4BD1E1F91A15","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"752fdb3f2e0d4f18bccd96116c517c4a179e5ae2","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/S0377-0427(99)00319-2","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$3CEAAB21-3106-44F3-B1A1-E9133C6C96D3","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"68394fd7e8a253e114d6399606d47416a190b2d2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1511313,"id":"Q1511313"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$34418021-5E76-40CF-B1A4-84C58DE83DBD","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"9291c21615d62497aa2bb6404791ba4d7844695d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":61355,"id":"Q61355"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$C52ABB15-61BE-4555-88E2-93CDF6C6919E","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"ece12ad2861d9c6361f80d7836295d8f3d06d1fa","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2000-11-01T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$5F36DEEA-AC40-4064-A50A-A322F9C7D7D7","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"2bfc1c34cdd4051207d12f93426bd657c4a5590d","datavalue":{"value":"One of the famous methods of classification of orthogonal polynomial systems goes back to \\textit{W. Hahn} [Math. Z. 39, 634-638 (1935; Zbl 0011.06202)]: If \\(\\{P_n(x)\\}_{n=0}^{\\infty}\\) and \\(\\{P_n'(x)\\}_{n=0}^{\\infty}\\) are positive-definite orthogonal polynomial systems, then \\(\\{P_n(x)\\}_{n=0}^{\\infty}\\) must be one of the classical systems (Jacobi, Laguerre or Hermite).    This classification was later extended by several authors (to include the Bessel case too) and the conditions were weakened to: if \\(\\{P_n(x)\\}_{n=0}^{\\infty}\\) is an orthogonal polynomial system and \\(\\{P_n^{(r)}(x)\\}_{n=0}^{\\infty}\\) is a weakly orthogonal polynomial system, then \\(\\{P_n(x)\\}_{n=0}^{\\infty}\\) must be classical.    The authors now solve the following problems:    (1) given an orthogonal polynomial system \\(\\{P_n(x)\\}_{n=0}^{\\infty}\\) with respect to a moment functional \\(\\sigma\\),    (2) given a linear differential operator \\(L[\\cdot]=\\sum_{i=0}^k a_i(x)D^i\\) with polynomial coefficients,    when is the polynomial sequence \\(\\{Q_n(x)\\}_{n=0}^{\\infty}\\) defined by \\(Q_n(x)=L[P_{n+r}^{(r)}(x)]\\) also (weakly) orthogonal (\\(r\\) any non-negative integer)?    The main result is:    A. The \\(Q\\)'s are weakly orthogonal if and only if there exists a moment functional \\(\\tau\\) and \\(k+r+1\\) polynomials \\(\\{b_i(x)\\}_{i=r}^{k+2r}\\) with deg\\((b_i)\\leq i\\) and  \\[  \\sum_{i=j}^{k+r} (-1)^j{i\\choose j} (a_{i-r}(x)\\tau)^{(i-j)}=b_{j+r}(x)\\sigma,\\quad 0\\leq j\\leq k+r,  \\]  where \\(\\text{deg}(b_r)=r\\), \\(\\langle\\sigma,b_2r\\rangle\\not= 0\\), \\(b_{2r}(x)\\not\\equiv 0\\).    B. The \\(Q\\)'s are orthogonal if the \\(b\\)'s also satisfy  \\[  \\sum_{i=0}^{k+r} b_{i+r,i+r}n_{(i)}\\not= 0,\\quad n\\geq 0,  \\]  where \\(b_i(x)=\\sum_{j=0}^i b_{ij}x^j\\) (now deg\\((b_r)=r\\) and \\(b_{k+2r}(x)\\not= 0\\)) and \\(n_{(i)}=n(n-1)\\cdots (n-i+1)\\) for \\(i\\geq 1,\\;n_{(0)}=1\\).    Furthermore, the authors give the complete analysis for the cases \\(k=0,1,2\\); \\(r=1\\) and \\(k=r=1\\). A nicely written paper.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$B8943454-6E75-4507-9E19-48F515DD8030","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"0582a11cd91bee5fb0e516ec28b7e777c918d03b","datavalue":{"value":"33C45","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$C9BF7578-6169-4923-9CE3-54040FBD6D34","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"a9879f88f607068108584c1eaeedce03b22a98f8","datavalue":{"value":"34L05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$C6FDDE6C-CB48-4E3C-B738-AEE67856F2DF","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"10247b829af8059706aad3692fa0db923a3af130","datavalue":{"value":"1455710","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$CFCEF254-51B8-4FB9-8559-BAB8498BB1CC","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"3b76dcf6dd0cbdbc5afd7b443439105af3394643","datavalue":{"value":"differential equations","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$BF856A18-6F60-47A3-91F3-F3491A182942","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"2a41e1dbcad6d9f1bee6da7b1ba4d857ebc56471","datavalue":{"value":"orthogonal polynomials","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$F7610B08-E6C6-4062-BE57-4ABBBCCF45C5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"df45e878f09035eac38d77deff597bbbe9153802","datavalue":{"value":"Hahn's theorem","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$A7D5F85B-11BC-4794-8883-8E2FD53B8B88","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"a2fa98aff77df8cd40fdad961a01f87c1855add8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":182532,"id":"Q182532"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$601EE242-8E1C-4E6C-9BBB-EE44ECAE10AD","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$8A19CC37-F3D3-4B63-8FCB-253B5C3A9700","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"29248682b81e211947e9e861221eebb0f1477e85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4170993,"id":"Q4170993"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$001D26CD-06C2-4456-AB83-5F5180AB6BC4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d68179a764ba3876c99350d7b76a826d8abe0821","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4718095,"id":"Q4718095"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$2801652C-AAE6-4764-B033-1B82A11B0744","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3b47493d23b79eb82583fe61d79ce073e0da0bed","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3671563,"id":"Q3671563"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$2F733691-0D22-4925-B531-A3224D20C46E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d70a78ab78bdd60589befaf4d77ca5c1dcc2fadd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3900322,"id":"Q3900322"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$5FF49572-0A04-4975-9D68-122F3089459B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2c15aff1c5203fcdabefce56f22fd30a4a808666","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5763342,"id":"Q5763342"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$597A2753-0439-4F19-895A-92917CFD44E9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"de2d19488c5b51816e8ddd4e4abd66cd1268f14b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5765167,"id":"Q5765167"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$1CEA2C09-4F2D-4052-8128-DFA35725763C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"93861b9b86d3df3b572ca3350e7f10c6506ade42","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2646201,"id":"Q2646201"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$97D7ABB8-4ADA-4A79-B1FC-03D249D4FBF5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"23e8e407b9fc7bc20ef40595264b1e7ac10ec4c0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5835580,"id":"Q5835580"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$1B2483F4-0293-42C5-96AD-A97E503E760A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b9a185dee35776c840a2d511a02f75df66bacb77","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5788058,"id":"Q5788058"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$6E7187FF-BC3B-469C-976C-7C648CA8EF4B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5af9e6344b338f2c2faf043ecdb3e15e044429e1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2393971,"id":"Q2393971"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$762FFD2D-2BE5-48EE-9ADB-752046AC1874","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"250f1117a6af81ecd24e3646fe5af219327d7e70","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2394683,"id":"Q2394683"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$04C25D4B-AEFA-4508-A491-AA031F57B9CA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"330cee368f1fd6b50e909b18c8f1bf0626749621","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4024864,"id":"Q4024864"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$D0277718-54A9-4546-9253-73EF67317E7F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5a76a91600d3edb0493ca5ceeb33d4769de85914","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":689886,"id":"Q689886"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$5534EB22-3E7D-4B1A-99F4-A64AA2C1E21E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ec6c09141d3fc5983e3af1aab8dca00264cd2a42","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4383936,"id":"Q4383936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$71B378DA-6A1F-496E-A2EF-5190BC253F2C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d275b544ba75d702a22199e445d4e0c1d8cc6af5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4302331,"id":"Q4302331"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$8A36AA47-05D0-4735-83E6-5FF2B9F7F120","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ab4acbaa9ca018a0a268a8f4b9ce6adce19ac26d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1815086,"id":"Q1815086"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$E2736641-5662-49EC-9B49-20E7E34D0EF6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a176b4a99ee65c88624b1abeff7e8b545c7b0528","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":676152,"id":"Q676152"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$09D70BAC-8A19-4E9B-BA3A-F65FE170E28F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"eb052dcce22f3511136d8d8583f941f592e3461f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1061911,"id":"Q1061911"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$6C61FBCE-320D-45B0-BA78-F6FF65C96D36","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e9714020379e2daaf8967db531da8411a1f26e54","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4061445,"id":"Q4061445"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$E741EE51-99EE-4E44-9EEB-DEFD60EA5A04","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1769f43e15267a97f81af593a820d42a1bb7f276","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5771411,"id":"Q5771411"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1567362$705F0D7F-98B0-4766-8147-6C3C5D4678CF","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"cf0a99c4667e85b263f9d8af331f8a1bdb7af96c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4241734,"id":"Q4241734"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8f798c09b6771629099b8d91ac22cd6bcad461f2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8736924529075623","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1567362$B1720F3F-F1C1-428D-8ED1-26D3D2251EEA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"43a06c52ce6c28aa148ea85ec29e8a1c924a2170","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":401073,"id":"Q401073"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d3f72af7a088f63a69177d7a051895dd88435882","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.838898241519928","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1567362$8FCDEEDE-93CF-45C8-8D06-B5BB191DD99A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5620659cba215084b2ac6aed519912d6d30d72c4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1356798,"id":"Q1356798"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"23b9136c66f8a1d701f1acd5bc1f2b39d00a410e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8257516026496887","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1567362$FBDBDC4B-0661-4BCA-85BB-136BB944B0ED","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0bae91db71065344f3179bf5881e8a38ebcd01ce","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5113860,"id":"Q5113860"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1c76826a3c1583ea46f4dfe2468f399607b812f6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8177403807640076","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1567362$4D7E3EDE-D135-4012-A215-2D89B9C1F3B1","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Generalized Hahn's theorem","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Generalized_Hahn%27s_theorem"}}}}}