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In particular, the authors address the question of the stress tensor being symmetric or asymmetric, respectively, as well as the existence of couple stresses. It is shown that the average stress in granular materials, if defined from virtual work, may be asymmetric in the absence of contact moments. Circumstances and amplitude of stress asymmetry are specified. If the definition of average stress is based on statics rather than on virtual work, the average stress is shown to be always symmetric. 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