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The author obtains two characterizations of amenability of \\(H\\) as follows. If \\(\\pi:G\\to G/H\\) is the canonical quotient mapping, then the following statements are equivalent: (i) The group \\(H\\) is amenable; (ii) there exists a Borel probability measure \\(\\mu\\) on \\(G\\) such that \\(\\lim_{n\\to \\infty} \\|h\\mu^n- \\mu^n\\|=0\\) for all \\(h\\in H\\), where \\(\\mu^n\\) denotes the \\(n\\)-fold convolution of \\(\\mu\\); (iii) for any Borel probability measure \\(\\mu'\\) on \\(G/H\\), there exists a Borel probability measure \\(\\mu\\) on \\(G\\) satisfying the condition in (ii) such that \\(\\pi(\\mu)= \\mu'\\). Consequently, we can embed the space \\(H^\\infty (G/H,\\mu')\\) of bounded \\(\\mu'\\)-harmonic functions on \\(G/H\\) into the space \\(H^\\infty (G,\\mu)\\) of bounded \\(\\mu\\)-harmonic functions on \\(G\\), which gives a canonical projection of the Poisson boundary \\(\\Gamma(G,\\mu)\\) onto the Poisson boundary \\(\\Gamma(G/H, \\mu')\\). The second characterization of the amenability of \\(H\\) is the following: The following statements are equivalent: (i) The group \\(H\\) is amenable; (ii) there exists a Borel probability measure \\(\\mu\\) on \\(G\\) such that the Poisson boundaries \\(\\Gamma(G,\\mu)\\) and \\(\\Gamma (G/H, \\mu')\\) are isomorphic, where \\(\\mu'= \\pi(\\mu)\\); (iii) for any Borel probability measure \\(\\mu'\\) on \\(G/H\\), there exists a Borel probability measure \\(\\mu\\) on \\(G\\) with \\(\\pi(\\mu)=\\mu'\\) such that the Poisson boundaries \\(\\Gamma(G,\\mu)\\) and \\(\\Gamma (G/H,\\mu')\\) are 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