{"entities":{"Q1665239":{"pageid":1675980,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1665239","lastrevid":57496743,"modified":"2026-03-31T04:18:48Z","type":"item","id":"Q1665239","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"The natural gas cash-out problem: a bilevel optimal control approach"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6925958"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$B7C8BBBC-7006-45DA-AAEB-A9491057A847","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"5e8692d5b25e435b101ea11f65cd2f2ef62f3bd5","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"The natural gas cash-out problem: a bilevel optimal control approach","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$4F4C7403-0A8A-4DFC-9D33-20C4476E8022","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"a1a0e8ebb0cbc65839d62b3f8d88dd9512daa787","datavalue":{"value":"1394.49037","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$F925BA39-EAC3-4211-861C-88DF3325C999","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"c7478928cc3d058d24dc09deedafae1ce6df037d","datavalue":{"value":"10.1155/2015/286083","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$2731E2D5-2026-4A27-81FB-68AA36F50F41","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"705d86fbeaaac2b65457c1c7e5eb99aa181daed1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":280089,"id":"Q280089"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$A0DC7D6D-4172-4374-AC7A-D61446C8FAAB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"79e0e654293b74b2001e625ca9bc8e9cd0dfb3e3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1665237,"id":"Q1665237"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$BFF91249-E534-4711-8831-0A0BA87191B8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"fae77e3ec91fa425372c779ec7bedfccc74700c6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1665238,"id":"Q1665238"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$F6F33630-CDC2-44A2-9EF1-6BA2A3EA8DD1","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"3dc97bc0aff607b9c22ce37ffa18b6de85001d90","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":86199,"id":"Q86199"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$302F9257-F593-48E1-8361-D98349D523AC","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"07d78b2809f727a96c8c6621733f1ab3a1973328","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2018-08-27T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$341DF7E7-708C-43FD-854F-70A793437485","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"7943531f4a7c031de9def4f54c8f3f3f2dd676c1","datavalue":{"value":"Summary: The aim of this paper is threefold: first, it formulates the natural gas cash-out problem as a bilevel optimal control problem (BOCP); second, it provides interesting theoretical results about Pontryagin-type optimality conditions for a general BOCP where the upper level boasts a Mayer-type cost function and pure state constraints, while the lower level is a finite-dimensional mixed-integer programming problem with exactly one binary variable; and third, it applies these theoretical results in order to find possible local minimizers of the natural gas cash-out problem.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$F7BFF65B-964C-4BF8-B6E6-1FCC9FC9F626","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"7d549dacfd75da173dfbf0cca36305f043cdcb80","datavalue":{"value":"49N90","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$70A7D9DE-B6EF-4AA8-985D-EEEA7AC3CEE0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"18d3ff98a6b36ff583aa8db8acc5f9669058d6c6","datavalue":{"value":"49K15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$698DEB8A-F863-4EF1-A233-F9273E7E0A2B","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"6592d655256205a5cd326f716480f902766ab3e3","datavalue":{"value":"6925958","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$A3E25564-788A-4DAC-AB71-D807A92DB7F8","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"c0342777ed323cb998cbe487c285ff2c696bcfde","datavalue":{"value":"Q59117860","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$67B88CBE-B605-4FE6-BB91-40F7B1D1CE60","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$B1F22A6A-0B31-402F-A929-2FCC5E0D5FFD","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"d1b22848a174c3327315fbaba1c016468a473d3e","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/286083","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$B813A7C2-D358-4923-A42E-8A69A774F7DC","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"f09c4c0707749b1e33e10456dd0a0513eb81d4db","datavalue":{"value":"W1865940842","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$D02A3FD6-D5A9-4C6E-86D1-7ABC2B15BAA5","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"417e3848df13583777108cdbffbd052b293f67f9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1780755,"id":"Q1780755"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$104592DF-CC84-486A-9208-27B3E6B1B37A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2fa33e5e21a111e219b480b0ac9caf262c47e0c1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2430612,"id":"Q2430612"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$0A7DB1FA-BCDA-4730-84CC-663DD0342E61","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3684ffdcf16163298a354a8ceb78c2d6dbe2e966","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1027139,"id":"Q1027139"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$A9DEB45A-AAAC-41B1-95D4-7C13D51681C8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"87fc1ebd72311c6bd86f820fa81d0f54181755a1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4375190,"id":"Q4375190"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$BAE8FF34-F78E-4E80-B339-205EE031F321","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7b2dd839cfeecfb4862178989842101fb3691360","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":959948,"id":"Q959948"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$46723B53-1E65-420D-A142-D4D5F087FE8B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"69be684fbd2d5cdbfc5e240a7358b7e56711520e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3704489,"id":"Q3704489"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$91EE5640-0E6D-4FB7-821F-1DBF4339FB4B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d0373ca6680ee09840e736be95f759b5fbab9e21","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1973479,"id":"Q1973479"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$70800C66-9B82-4E2D-B7DE-C2AC6FC1D8B6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d33cd0fc6c28317adcc50d04be8ea36910ba8632","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2789613,"id":"Q2789613"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$0B4CA0D6-EC07-4E7E-A24C-3DCE07F69D6A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b9a92039e1b49f48f2e1e9add76fc33ee15205b3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2434445,"id":"Q2434445"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$4CBF639C-A74E-4633-9595-12621DE80DE2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f4e1d272c74c39ce50fa327adf6447d4ff0aca4e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":662289,"id":"Q662289"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$088E1CB0-D426-4DE9-84DB-E452D540103F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5f9311f18f1feafc388f39caa3573035c1a5135f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1612678,"id":"Q1612678"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$BB63FA9C-E1A2-4F80-9ED5-45BD0CF6B5E1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ab5aaa0b934a42221ac8c2892a8fbe69bcbe2828","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5426961,"id":"Q5426961"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$3DCC4C36-79E8-4B8F-88C2-99C147598076","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b7d818a6cd6bb0fc76543d5d3fb315143e5e3558","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":415393,"id":"Q415393"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$48B6D2FB-9B18-4ECB-ACB2-002B2F05113E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"974b5b36aadd1cc23477a1437868ec74e146a6af","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4836753,"id":"Q4836753"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$123A6705-AEAC-4C79-B66A-2DC761D7CC88","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"17bf7db6c5f81f5d0f0f71c94922fff57f0d31d1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3006690,"id":"Q3006690"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$959DF89F-0FE7-4A04-9D45-4FFA75E897D1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fe10b7b3f3ee5c648a3f8af7a772abc78557c995","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2796797,"id":"Q2796797"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$54ADF95F-043B-4FCD-9E0F-EE2EEEED31C8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1d219f68f3e26a502dc0dc13e0678a1be9b962ea","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4337417,"id":"Q4337417"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$4B767FE2-EE0E-4812-8008-E8C5461918BE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6745f42d041efc2cbb2d99a21e8e955cca63d9d9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4190466,"id":"Q4190466"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$83EB4B5A-F9D7-4694-8829-D1B5A9CEDF32","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"803f7f8220d24f38492f04b42e739ed277fa661f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3968042,"id":"Q3968042"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$7E7BB45E-B65E-436B-B24B-3FA5A125F7D0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9baad723ef2fec5bce40348983b2fdb000b9f2ff","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4332850,"id":"Q4332850"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$BFB042C1-356F-47D3-94F3-E188CEA78EA5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7a29b006fcc99e5a71ceb69062c0817727839cf6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4770772,"id":"Q4770772"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$4FC4918E-1327-41F7-BE8E-B7933052670F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"562dd22d54f0ee2669b6cbe2001fe3a815814a84","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1949263,"id":"Q1949263"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$4F0C0880-BAC3-4915-92A0-AF3CEED1793A","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0c939b40449ba4af0c0787e719c60941430f6543","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1780755,"id":"Q1780755"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a0a31c20507326a9fadf2afc22016ac5d2d5f8c6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8715023398399353","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1665239$8A648BEA-0A54-4452-9D5D-2148C2AA16A2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ecc2834a71836f576554020408c373f6a543cf15","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1027139,"id":"Q1027139"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0faf49d3d5cecabfa7f03e1a874f42a97e3a45b7","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.851525604724884","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1665239$FBDEB320-103E-4C70-950D-C8C45F023964","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2f0bffce93d6b2dc87d40fdc629a2a223ee9187b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":976391,"id":"Q976391"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5324fb8bba7f03245878300e082d71e82d812b7e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8407465815544128","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1665239$69060450-8FCA-44EA-BFD4-DF0E08917231","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"56dd0124f7a84102bf89eb05e631a96fb4f52ba2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2430612,"id":"Q2430612"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1b5b50cb8a15a1555905cbcd3755cd50b06bfc7c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8305292725563049","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1665239$A966E6E7-FA69-4269-A0C0-60D82215FA35","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"67d365856388d68f5a323bff9cda69357c17fab4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5178986,"id":"Q5178986"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"dc77c578b167b8bc9066b706935adea3bffc22f1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.80154949426651","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1665239$D0C9B9F7-21E7-4635-92C0-5AE0AB6BE7A1","rank":"normal"}],"P163":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P163","hash":"daf5f856a5d861312ad309ab567540337a5f61d6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":57050,"id":"Q57050"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1665239$E9CE1936-89D4-4B83-B740-0A8D31F09A89","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:1665239","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:1665239"}}}}}