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Consider linearly independent vector fields \\(X_1,\\ldots,X_n\\) spanning \\(H\\) and complete them by vector fields \\(X_{n+1},\\ldots,X_N\\) to a basis of the whole tangent bundle of \\(M\\). Since \\(H\\) is completely nonintegrable \\(X_{n+1},\\ldots,X_N\\) are linear combinations of vector fields obtained as iterated commutators of \\(X_{1},\\ldots,X_n\\). In analogy to classical analysis the author defines the subgradient of a smooth function \\(f\\) on \\(M\\) by  \\[ \\nabla_{\\mathcal L}f= X_1f\\,X_1+\\cdots+X_nf\\,X_n. \\]   Let the functions \\(c_{ijk}\\) be defined by \\([X_i,X_j]= \\sum\\limits_{k=1,\\ldots,N}c_{ijk}X_k\\) and let \\(a_1,\\ldots,a_n\\) be smooth functions on \\(M\\). It is shown that the horizontal vector field \\(a_1X_1+\\cdots+a_nX_n\\) is the subgradient of a function if  \\[ X_ia_j(x)-X_ja_i(x)=\\sum\\limits_{k=1,\\ldots,N}c_{ijk}a_k(x) \\text{ for } 1\\leq i<j\\leq N,  \\]  where for \\(k=n+1,\\ldots, N\\) the function \\(a_k\\) is a linear combination of functions of the form \\(X_{i_1}\\cdots X_{i_{l-1}}a_{i_l}\\), \\( i_1,\\ldots,i_l\\in\\{1,\\ldots,n\\}\\). This criterion is exemplified by means of special examples: the Euclidean group of the 2-plane, the Martinet distribution and Carnot 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