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On the basis of the classical Bernoulli-Euler beam theory, two higher-order strain components are involved in the beam model. The intrinsic bulk length and the directional surface length components are introduced into the constitutive relationship to describe the size effect, and the variation of the total potential is provided. The moving-least square approximation is used to construct the shape function and its second- and third-order derivatives, and the choice of the scaling factor is discussed in detail. A mesh-free scheme is built to implement numerical simulation, in which the higher-order strains are directly approximated with the nodal components due to the higher-order continuity of the shape function. 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