{"entities":{"Q1719123":{"pageid":1729864,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1719123","lastrevid":57239634,"modified":"2026-03-27T14:56:26Z","type":"item","id":"Q1719123","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Stability and bifurcation analysis of a modified epidemic model for computer viruses"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7017253"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$F85972C4-F832-4FC6-9D15-7AFC5A86E5BE","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"4349763bd49ad84cff3d54bf120dbe61ea290f27","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Stability and bifurcation analysis of a modified epidemic model for computer viruses","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$A8A49A2A-E9DA-4F07-9D99-92E125ABB66D","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"d72c338075acd4e83cac664d6c8e36cd6ca59e35","datavalue":{"value":"1407.34104","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$28E4F21A-6C0D-4982-9134-5EB7D1337211","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"e15861d9c2e1fb7acd965c2a8f1841756d047749","datavalue":{"value":"10.1155/2014/784684","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$7FE0D31D-41AB-4B9E-9F62-71BAD0BF5350","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"e05767490fb91b1b91eaad38d77db34d08d4bf5e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":299586,"id":"Q299586"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$7FA55ECD-00BF-4D7C-81EC-AE88A7A39C16","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"d2b018b5908f84b83c6e541ad0a4afebed546d43","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":636713,"id":"Q636713"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$16105130-3396-45C2-AAAC-7FD129B50BE5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"73e96105baec63d92b4366fc77b65ddf63306453","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":285724,"id":"Q285724"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$3C0B8BF3-04DE-4FEF-A402-E1EDE17AA972","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"3dc97bc0aff607b9c22ce37ffa18b6de85001d90","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":86199,"id":"Q86199"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$6823B354-1FA1-4A8C-9D40-2770464E3634","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"32a6dc046c0aa99508538df457dbadf7aa620337","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2019-02-08T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$6D3D4EB6-AF1E-47DA-A7A7-86FAF307F79A","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"d4ca09b4ce6a2d1c6027838af8729296624929fe","datavalue":{"value":"Summary: We extend the three-dimensional SIR model to four-dimensional case and then analyze its dynamical behavior including stability and bifurcation. It is shown that the new model makes a significant improvement to the epidemic model for computer viruses, which is more reasonable than the most existing SIR models. Furthermore, we investigate the stability of the possible equilibrium point and the existence of the Hopf bifurcation with respect to the delay. By analyzing the associated characteristic equation, it is found that Hopf bifurcation occurs when the delay passes through a sequence of critical values. An analytical condition for determining the direction, stability, and other properties of bifurcating periodic solutions is obtained by using the normal form theory and center manifold argument. The obtained results may provide a theoretical foundation to understand the spread of computer viruses and then to minimize virus risks.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$8DFCB3AF-7F09-40F6-B2D8-7E151C9736E0","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"974f7150fe76007bf1a6598b96826e2df3460b21","datavalue":{"value":"34K20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$98C919D1-B212-4A4F-B481-950A87D9A021","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"9f896fcbc322f4da683173f410784c05cfe9e768","datavalue":{"value":"92D30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$CA14D0DD-71BA-4372-B203-860E403BA14F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"bb3685facee6981d0664afe5afbdc986c78292cb","datavalue":{"value":"68M11","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$AFB3F225-4592-4C78-90F0-03585916D156","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"59df49bc6001cfead5e1dc60e4ac44decc2aecc9","datavalue":{"value":"34C60","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$8E569553-AA1D-4C87-81B7-9DDB2EA16909","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"586901ae11cf5395af28d96085d4072c0f684473","datavalue":{"value":"7017253","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$8F2F3387-1D2B-481D-A14F-B5D9DC0F04B5","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"292dd33cc67fccaeb2dbda4946223eab1abdba7b","datavalue":{"value":"Q59072162","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$7C17CA98-B4B3-4AED-BFF9-1184D7BED745","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$78D90450-94CD-45B8-9132-8D967DA1A573","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"96440136fac565f94ee70d3662e6a1a829c8dbea","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/784684","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$6E597448-1525-4102-8164-C0DEF61C783C","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"3c3974d9c0f044116f1c3f4c0942c067fbce9717","datavalue":{"value":"W2029988578","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$A6EBE345-CB71-48D6-8606-30E201F3F42E","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b0f060b4a57260102b9c92409e700b767cfa5732","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1598607,"id":"Q1598607"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$3624F894-3FA7-4CC6-ACAE-09728BDF1F77","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"154f8520f1acf5b3df0b351f590c86d2d8cd0d8f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":606811,"id":"Q606811"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$1D73DBB4-06D1-4774-8B39-9F14E4BB81D8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9cd484c0df132cbc80cc0af9680d570744dd667a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":602568,"id":"Q602568"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$5297BE18-F79B-4C59-A22D-BC38012C391D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7ce8df20056bb9217d2e941f62f613f5e22f9996","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1767195,"id":"Q1767195"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$60010CBB-2B41-4121-8BCF-F973D55258BF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d1f211dd3dcd9229cabda4e768d991e463f79a35","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":936763,"id":"Q936763"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$7F89CA29-E149-4D19-AF89-F00C234F7BC2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c7d781e409b75e2aea9f22616e7eff4c4f2b9963","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":988356,"id":"Q988356"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$995A6632-28E5-45EF-B531-0CED96B0F3FB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"45ccb812411537803ed00952c75830cba1891c9e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":611785,"id":"Q611785"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$498B260B-C7C6-4A54-A10E-FF4D31AB2F32","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ea91beb77a2346c3d2f9dc95a2772fb2b3cf0a86","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":622374,"id":"Q622374"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$A17141D8-3DC6-4898-A564-751E9222EE23","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d0f15bbe3ae8999bcb4fc8ff8975c8ec726b1c26","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1029370,"id":"Q1029370"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$13288F29-6873-41BE-8C0F-D7F1323520EB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8ad807e59ec140f4236bd4284ed313c559486b51","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1090643,"id":"Q1090643"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$5983FA85-3939-417C-99DA-08A5F384D467","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c03b1b7c54fac5621448e5c427c845de6ebfbec4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3281164,"id":"Q3281164"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$66D4AE3D-9C61-4E7B-B066-7091B1AF1CC2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"13935d08724757684f49a4c124a82573ea6a6963","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4462600,"id":"Q4462600"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$67A78428-2945-4442-8B19-3AC540A8444F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1bf222f5f77f9ae64e8c68ce6a126ce285f179c8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3930015,"id":"Q3930015"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$9497C6E9-D65F-4993-A84B-7DBB3ACFAFB3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"366c20ae0b366e2e6f72fb9a5de38dc4e4c44f70","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2477317,"id":"Q2477317"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$1012F058-4F9B-434F-83F6-E8142BEF4695","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"23dd2cade3c7480ca1dea9235e9f909519008efe","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":973478,"id":"Q973478"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$7E20F8F8-549F-415C-A7D0-4DEB2BB83662","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"82c84478b935db71500230dfbcb0210d0d6f1db4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2843656,"id":"Q2843656"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$8268EBBD-63CB-41F3-9061-2830D5D297DB","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f2a94626403af16eb704a6309bdb6cb0f43e07fc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":500009,"id":"Q500009"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5e5b4f0dea04de778f455f12b01d2a5d998f549e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8743433356285095","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1719123$646B5B6D-E7BE-43D8-B273-3B9D5AADCFDA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0265b18d0e0503f1651ab5349fd5a0b397fbf2e7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1665212,"id":"Q1665212"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e18ec5f480689ffd0ee3ab1ec538c22a2b162e93","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8615143299102783","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1719123$A9399DBE-4693-4C4B-8388-BFA399AA59BD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f08f6c497316b02c4ee508c71f0e96488dcafbee","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1727271,"id":"Q1727271"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"03303163d292c0136fb3cdb26722d4d6c6edaee5","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8583107590675354","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1719123$ECB9DB40-C103-4D8E-A05E-D2A657FCB846","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7f35804a79addbb25d898851d242e91c75fa5e2b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1794246,"id":"Q1794246"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"de1d28ed73b35c5bd6402272ef34a77dd469d137","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8549293279647827","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1719123$C4D9751F-4508-4A41-9CE3-24EE39961E51","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"030918d6303721eae50772325e4b752c9a83cc2d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2015742,"id":"Q2015742"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"024278c92d765f3c2592cee66410a6b9c8040f3c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8528061509132385","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1719123$4CD10952-1A4E-4080-8927-564B769ED693","rank":"normal"}],"P163":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P163","hash":"daf5f856a5d861312ad309ab567540337a5f61d6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":57050,"id":"Q57050"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1719123$4665C0FB-DC8E-42D3-86FB-A063D91018CB","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:1719123","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:1719123"}}}}}