{"entities":{"Q1723561":{"pageid":1734302,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1723561","lastrevid":57280056,"modified":"2026-03-27T20:13:06Z","type":"item","id":"Q1723561","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Closed-form solutions to differential equations via differential evolution"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7025542"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$354F1681-5582-40A0-ADCE-C601AE8F16AF","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"47aa7ad0dc50e81991112aebae5ac68339e3b0c0","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Closed-form solutions to differential equations via differential evolution","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$5907351B-4FC3-4B24-803E-C82BB366512A","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"d391aab2c6f3f2e13a015b782117d62935a10933","datavalue":{"value":"1418.34039","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$D7E9F6D1-2C9A-4D43-B744-E1775E975B97","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"bfeb50218ec838d562a9e10ab9502f1c7c98e3f2","datavalue":{"value":"10.1155/2015/910316","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$D921AAE7-0385-4F23-9305-FD3E8A3F7DE5","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"0fb968b65a81ff53b35fa2b306048e820dbd87b9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1723559,"id":"Q1723559"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$91E2E154-0276-41A4-B411-A5FF10AB6BE1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"97c15587ce568203858b353836e2bb3c584f4a3b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1723560,"id":"Q1723560"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$D2395D52-59FA-4E4A-9A24-BA6D5416099A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"7ce081c5896bb94edeec076c7e4ac611ba6aa6a8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":829591,"id":"Q829591"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$60E56359-812B-48E3-97D0-C9665C82D415","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"e5ea7bc024fe2946ca15646035f056e2ab96db7a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":169945,"id":"Q169945"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$0E9EDDC4-1AE3-46AC-B04E-A4C0C90C96A1","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"90e6131927e2f821390d615ecfaa0e74b7083d76","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2019-02-19T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$67D8BE17-321D-445A-9865-6EBF92BD778C","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"0deaa7faf9aebb9493c9405d5f5b140a847e2491","datavalue":{"value":"Summary: We focus on solving ordinary differential equations using the evolutionary algorithm known as differential evolution (DE). The main purpose is to obtain a closed-form solution to differential equations. To solve the problem at hand, three steps are proposed. First, the problem is stated as an optimization problem where the independent variables are \\textit{elementary} functions. Second, as the domain of DE is real numbers, we propose a grammar that assigns numbers to functions. Third, to avoid truncation and subtractive cancellation errors, to increase the efficiency of the calculation of derivatives, the dual numbers are used to obtain derivatives of functions. Some examples validating the effectiveness and efficiency of our method are presented.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$2399133C-5E21-499B-BC95-44E34BA43EAD","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"eb1a6efba4047acfea921d765e4bc3a158eab135","datavalue":{"value":"34A45","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$5CB9AF9B-6587-4D4E-90D9-A4D413F7AB68","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"a7dde57cbaf704d564d8f981ca98d6340e3d4aaf","datavalue":{"value":"68Q05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$52C76F60-EEDA-48F4-AE9B-A80189BAA3AE","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"ff1e1c2e262674dab04a03fea63549f3575db63a","datavalue":{"value":"7025542","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$5E9981E3-D78E-4484-A502-CC02E5E9ED07","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"0c1347ef2cdb3e4fff9ebee6869d42fee22f4ecb","datavalue":{"value":"Q59105547","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$B4FBF392-FBE6-45C4-BEF1-1628BE39386A","rank":"normal"}],"P1463":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1463","hash":"9c3444d9cdc6cea2a3c42ad4b666adbcfd6db085","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":13556,"id":"Q13556"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$0ECF4726-28B7-4C4A-824D-8D80546118F6","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$D6C4C6A5-5E7D-4B41-A90D-45E5A008C7F8","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"7377d978311017c3e5be61fc284aa68a324bf979","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/910316","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$F9DCC6E0-4A47-4B58-8736-1847C1FCCFAD","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"9508a291a00d0d1e4695c1d39ad920f3306ee7c6","datavalue":{"value":"W2084208640","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$2871B44F-C279-4B75-BA6F-62C0FFCCD120","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"04c67eebb6b705810da7d5646a2a9176b6d052d0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1253091,"id":"Q1253091"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$F893EBFB-5349-4EA6-9B6F-96249FC9059A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"eac04ff84cac0885434407fc54ef4e70a1a1fd78","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4725642,"id":"Q4725642"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$96D78C19-7BF1-4B8D-B6CC-8B3E11C3CA03","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"816544441687b403e2aeeac0ae8e4fa81467fd18","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1824359,"id":"Q1824359"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$6647B66E-1F66-436D-AB44-4A3FD8CCCA6B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"152fb1249ca7735ff39c285b51cc2afb71328448","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5961752,"id":"Q5961752"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$A43A66CF-C585-4310-A72A-09E508DA306F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9708d73d5cbbd405144134b7cd51a0cf27388a02","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5725031,"id":"Q5725031"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$942A207F-9DDA-4212-964F-89EA68339B89","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ac659cf67e3517b624916d8f0bac597b6ea44e31","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":688031,"id":"Q688031"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$515AE8C9-A13B-40EB-AB47-328D7553F4C6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"37b0ee9aff52cbd9fc370de5ef16d7ba47acd393","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1919427,"id":"Q1919427"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$BA6F2C60-873B-4B67-928B-18E8383DBF6B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a6d095de1555a31e04bc9dbfb7bb69a61dee07a9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1294430,"id":"Q1294430"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$D2B3264B-E7D8-404A-BBBE-D2D322768E27","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fc19f4f036a4f934a47a0e112ee825f4ac99cd9c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1966315,"id":"Q1966315"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$791A0139-64A2-475C-904A-DBFE96A07357","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f78e5c69111033d9cae1d71052887d34234de098","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2389986,"id":"Q2389986"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$76914FA0-EB1E-4018-B4A6-5A086A1AA5A7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2dfac7a889a27c2e4d3963c387b796bd3cff0966","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1376522,"id":"Q1376522"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$9EA4FD22-77E0-4DAD-BC9F-9CD18F446157","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"16f24ddf9350c2e13d988a7049c4fedc4d395d6d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":704864,"id":"Q704864"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$00DDFD07-150D-4542-B4E2-FE79D6AA14FB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3f9c137dc8ebb5fd21e44380a57ed3ab88ed3b8c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":553555,"id":"Q553555"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$3A325D94-EF45-4549-8FEC-B9159EEB7DD6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a4f50a5b3e7d03231e68e611d7d9a8390f5d3418","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":720072,"id":"Q720072"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$0321DD0F-4876-42A1-B05D-7C9A2DF4017A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"41c00e7e4cb316f9084b129bb1dc0248edd6113c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2267244,"id":"Q2267244"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$9CA6937B-766B-43FA-91F9-47C91E389A39","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ecf8d33e6fdfc3be9a1f6b5d2ab0338a10444174","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":942625,"id":"Q942625"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$CE079CF3-CB5B-402C-8F93-72A056E23F8A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f04c5111795ef3bdf311318c2890f852eb7d75e4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":942662,"id":"Q942662"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$3F6D1B29-1CC0-4656-A79B-6DEBD9B22FA2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"980b68a1219db4e7caa387faa226422c72780365","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2497838,"id":"Q2497838"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$3B7C1D18-15B7-42A7-91C1-AB9031ED0042","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"371d4173f6e500824249f2c3199f6928ded3a590","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1634097,"id":"Q1634097"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$44830333-0B77-408A-B954-8CB17B079C44","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6e5c72d40a0f8a87ba825448099176b055f9dd6a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5058885,"id":"Q5058885"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"47f23a3ac30844864670e83d9e168ad9f24b40ed","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7097378373146057","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1723561$F9192667-189A-472B-B644-3ABC060A7BDA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0c8bfc44dc17d8502f422d7aeb55dc9b37281eb0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3460962,"id":"Q3460962"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5f344e20c76fcb0d268ec172e9b11f42f659892f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7083361744880676","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1723561$07033CCB-8327-48C4-B7BF-65957B9172C8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9473736b63e9747806189a9698ec6322aab7a0a2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2156922,"id":"Q2156922"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"47f9efeb72a205852dd4728a4a05ff872b83a87b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7026538848876953","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1723561$4CCD1ED7-1855-42C3-8264-B24CFD2E8D54","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9d5119a4bccb31d5a373c5c510e5ab923d2a091b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5704472,"id":"Q5704472"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ea10e0c656125f18002a128581cbdde3036397d5","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7017381191253662","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1723561$64D9C5C7-CA46-4527-B4F2-C10EA2356744","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"916964b78b6f964a02f8dabe91b44d2020547bc9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4791695,"id":"Q4791695"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"993adb272fae106702d7b34ca110e23b5eff6093","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6969510912895203","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1723561$C0C3C090-3709-41D0-9594-B2B12D2A9E15","rank":"normal"}],"P163":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P163","hash":"daf5f856a5d861312ad309ab567540337a5f61d6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":57050,"id":"Q57050"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1723561$DA5DD0B3-7C8A-4CAC-943D-1E71BD5A5088","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:1723561","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:1723561"}}}}}