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We characterize cases of equality: in particular, after factoring out the symmetry coming from multiplication with scalars \\( \\|A^2 X\\| = 1 = \\|X B^2\\|\\), the case of equality requires that \\(A\\) and \\(B\\) have a common eigenvalue \\(\\lambda_i = \\mu_j\\). We also derive improved estimates and show that if either \\(\\lambda_i \\lambda_j = \\mu_k^2\\) or \\(\\lambda_i^2 = \\mu_j \\mu_k\\) does not have a solution, i.e. if \\(d > 0\\) where  \\[ \\begin{aligned} d &= \\underset{1 \\leq i,j,k \\leq n}{\\min} \\{ | \\log \\lambda_i + \\log \\lambda_j - 2\\log \\mu_k |:\\lambda_i, \\lambda_j \\in \\sigma(A), \\mu_k \\in \\sigma(B)\\} \\\\ &+\\underset{1 \\leq i,j,k \\leq n}{\\min} \\{|2\\log\\lambda_i - \\log \\mu_j - \\log\\mu_k |:\\lambda_i \\in \\sigma(A), \\mu_j, \\mu_k \\in \\sigma(B)\\}, \\end{aligned} \\]  then there is an improved inequality  \\[  \\|AXB\\| \\leq (1 - c_{n,d})\\|A^2 X\\|^{\\frac{1}{2}} \\|X B^2\\|^{\\frac{1}{2}} \\]  for some \\(c_{n,d} > 0\\) that only depends only on \\(n\\) and \\(d\\). We obtain similar results for the McIntosh inequality and the Cordes inequality and expect the method to have many further 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