{"entities":{"Q1746939":{"pageid":1757681,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1746939","lastrevid":69126942,"modified":"2026-04-13T04:57:02Z","type":"item","id":"Q1746939","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Groups of invertible binary operations of a topological space"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6864928"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$556B1715-645B-480C-932C-CA06FFC1D477","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"3b9ce723a1d75cf94789d140525f874fe60347ed","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Groups of invertible binary operations of a topological space","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$82B820C7-3B48-4E1C-9CD8-3BD70073ADFC","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"115fb5d1059113e1e8c47da9169bd3f73134c48c","datavalue":{"value":"1410.54040","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$31E1A675-B334-4CDC-8918-94D73EFB1DBF","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"896e967f40f19a1f792cceeb7e68eb2da6bc6505","datavalue":{"value":"10.3103/S106836231801003X","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$C16D5E53-4B90-4204-8714-2A5CD21124B8","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"6dcf8b29f998e6586890411a08c34f70ea4883f1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1717924,"id":"Q1717924"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$CE874DE4-BCA1-42F1-93BF-9D4752033B42","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"1140ec887dccda5e7cf6373b784a94bd7ebcb9b9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":171193,"id":"Q171193"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$9E9A1A2E-2E7E-4408-A938-80C6BC2DB9F0","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"d29de59ee98b5fbc420ed6fae6a398738cedccbb","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2018-04-26T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$3868871E-F5B4-4F3F-BB1D-BC4DF7324AFC","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"8b9811344f592b365657e2f5673ce62e6db5fe1e","datavalue":{"value":"All spaces are assumed to be Hausdorff. By \\(C(X,Y)\\) the author denotes the space of all continuous maps from a space \\(X\\) to a space \\(Y\\), endowed with the compact-open topology. Also, the group of all homeomorphisms of \\(X\\) is denoted by \\(H(X)\\).  Let \\(X\\) be a topological space. A continuous map \\(f : X^2 \\to X\\) is called a continuous binary operation on the space \\(X\\). The set of all continuous binary operations on \\(X\\) is denoted by \\(C_2(X).\\) A composition of two binary operations \\(f,\\varphi \\in C_2(X)\\) is defined by the formula: \\((f\\circ \\varphi)(t,x)=f(t,\\phi (t,x)),\\) where \\(t,x\\in X\\). If \\(f : X^2 \\to X\\) is a continuous binary operation, then for every \\(t \\in X\\) the author defines a continuous map \\(f_t : X \\to X\\) by the formula: \\(f_t(x)=f(t,x)\\).  A continuous binary operation \\(f \\in C_2(X)\\) is said to be invertible if there exists a continuous binary operation \\(f^{-1} \\in C_2(X)\\) such that \\(f \\circ f^{-1} = f^{-1} \\circ f = e.\\) The subset of all invertible elements of the set \\(C_2(X)\\) is denoted by \\(H_2(X)\\).  The main theorems of this paper are the following :  Theorem A. Let \\(X\\) be a locally compact and locally connected space. A continuous binary operation \\(f =\\{f_t\\}: X^2 \\to X\\) is invertible if and only if the continuous map \\(f_t : X \\to X\\) is a homeomorphism for any \\(t \\in X.\\)  Theorem B. Let \\(X\\) be a locally compact and locally connected space. Then the group \\(H_2(X)\\) is isomorphic (algebraically and topologically) to the group \\(C(X,H(X))\\).  A subgroup \\(D \\subseteq H_2(X)\\) is said to be distributive if for all \\(x,x',x''\\in X\\) and for all \\(g,h\\in D\\) the following condition is fulfilled \\(g(h(x,x'),h(x,x'')) = h(x,g(x',x''))\\).  Theorem C. Every topological group is a distributive subgroup of some group of invertible binary operations.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$5AE7455A-DD50-473F-86F9-0A41B5DC01BC","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"68b51577a1dd4998c37632bce89096914f601ab7","datavalue":{"value":"54H15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$42491F74-3ADD-438B-AA9F-CBBC7B628532","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5a68c1edd6061ab533c131aebd2c39a079db130e","datavalue":{"value":"22A25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$A33FD46C-8CDF-4B95-946B-B4A1C821662A","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"c6f72f1b1a8b066df56b24c9d973e339cf46e66b","datavalue":{"value":"6864928","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$B71BC78C-D7CD-4C7D-A0A1-AC93B433D701","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"1c26e4e930b3799245190c8fd54c71ac9f50c29e","datavalue":{"value":"binary operation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$A97C4F5C-5660-42B3-ACCB-0258C69D094B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"e5f7804c3abe2f4d058e92c6855bf4734c56bc91","datavalue":{"value":"topological group","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$D833F6D2-2DFD-424D-8976-58F5A158ACFF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"2a410cfe810b36080939b1f2ca11e9470ba03bdc","datavalue":{"value":"groups of homeomorphisms","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$2B59B6A0-71FA-4788-A8D7-A2DBAC561D1B","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"d0594c55b7ff034b82ffe150e7a730f0cbd3ea55","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":409706,"id":"Q409706"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$1FB35E64-B36D-441C-B981-BDB3AE5FF58E","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$2AC90203-7FB0-416E-89BF-4A4BDF869EBB","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e0133afc91cf872531c799f0b540c9efce4d31cb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1210742,"id":"Q1210742"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$FECE3FEE-8829-4772-93C0-806FE43AFA32","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"63487f8f19b55855fe7dcae63856ef444fbf81e6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5840605,"id":"Q5840605"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$D52C093E-548B-42F8-BC28-7E538E1415FF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9fcf579c656500f95e750ba1fb06537f1a25d232","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5658847,"id":"Q5658847"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$F0B84D16-A909-4DF6-BCB1-DF371951190A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6f2aa622352fb97e57ea51d03b3e786ff3386623","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3994935,"id":"Q3994935"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$8A2B7E4D-2254-4BF3-98BF-1CDDF49CCC1A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a8192dac90beb446d9248f5ea3bcdc49dc5f1a99","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2343899,"id":"Q2343899"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$598A2B7F-8083-4925-9064-71A51C83134F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b67e3c59a8646239f5cb78c4b2d7ef20c84f2d99","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":409675,"id":"Q409675"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$822418C1-FD44-4272-85D5-20B3CFB86768","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2f2eb9821df5abf8c8239dfdcc8d846fd803ee79","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5963954,"id":"Q5963954"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1746939$1F0CA94F-C03A-4725-A834-A729C508A044","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b609fd7050c781e2e799e6e12ff6d38b35b8235d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5963954,"id":"Q5963954"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"61c5dc45a2c8127c17b3d88f86e50c80734b48b5","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.806839108467102","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1746939$218289EB-FCBE-44BF-A0AB-9EC0F9DA8CF9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e5e397a26f48083427fa8edc5af59590986ab75d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4528525,"id":"Q4528525"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1d8a9e2b1537199b7c9009fc9dc67b41248d0d11","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7894613742828369","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1746939$CF8E4E9A-AA2C-4364-9BFC-9165276BCCA9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"663adfc8928d0f78dfb4c96cd82b6ce8897aef80","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3701664,"id":"Q3701664"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"cf69c3cddfdda3cebb48e76ad5fc4b5b8d4ffd1c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7222418785095215","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1746939$B3739812-CA39-49D1-A00B-DF68FA5BAEF0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a341e3066a02c88e6991eb3c1e99b79f97131ec6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2343899,"id":"Q2343899"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7cd8fee7ac4020212d6866b1aa0510710addf5d1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7138257622718811","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1746939$7E57A7EE-1527-4159-8BBC-6AE050E75856","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e102e1f2284579055ae205466cabd0e7b79b84d7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2104405,"id":"Q2104405"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"022137f9163f12495015a161649362fa533b3ea4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7133336663246155","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1746939$E03168E5-451F-46D9-8FFD-F2E09AEF5862","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Groups of invertible binary operations of a topological space","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Groups_of_invertible_binary_operations_of_a_topological_space"}}}}}