{"entities":{"Q1749221":{"pageid":1759963,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1749221","lastrevid":74288673,"modified":"2026-04-14T19:21:42Z","type":"item","id":"Q1749221","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Inequality for Gorenstein minimal 3-folds of general type"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6868974"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$5F07777B-24D6-4F20-9A71-4F05EAC4C4EA","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"25abf44f7558c4f93b484544802b16b18f09f3f1","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Inequality for Gorenstein minimal 3-folds of general type","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$DB9AC7C9-0E9E-4408-B81D-0E9F1F606F7C","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"ea72c54099de35b205070db6f14822ced21bf777","datavalue":{"value":"1410.14032","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$74E4AE2B-8948-4787-9326-EFE0071806B1","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"671e4ed3bfa6ebbafef978ce3bca51309d9ecf0b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":250645,"id":"Q250645"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$FDBBA0C8-E8A1-4479-8733-7450C67D15EC","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"7e24a5758b56ecbda7f0f561bc60bd548767b0b3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":171095,"id":"Q171095"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$70592AD8-CB8E-4A94-9828-3CB7037DC019","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"e956331d0e5540795d70cdf1447eb2fc47cd3be5","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2018-05-16T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$2B181850-1700-42C2-B1D9-27B54EB15FE7","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"53835e928742705df5acb8b0bbbf88aa5a3dd61d","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1309.4618","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$B45430FF-7D23-49CE-A148-F95329B55C08","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"7d594db91aaae3abf2f2cd8778f6aeea3d45824d","datavalue":{"value":"All varieties in this paper are defined over the complex number field $\\mathbb{C}$. \\par Let $X$ be a Gorenstein minimal threefold of general type, i.e., $X$ is a three-dimensional normal projective variety with Kodaira dimension 3 and has at worst ${\\mathbb{Q}}$-factorial terminal singularities such that the canonical divisor $K_X$ is a nef Cartier divisor. \\par A Weil divisor is a $\\mathbb{Q}$-Cartier divisor if some non-zero multiple of it is a Cartier divisor and a variety has $\\mathbb{Q}$-factorial singularities if each Weil divisor on it is a $\\mathbb{Q}$-Cartier divisor. \\par $X$ has at worst terminal singularities if there is a resolution of singularities $f: Y\\rightarrow X$, such that $K_Y= f^*K_X+ \\sum a_iE_i $ with $a_i> 0$, where each $E_i\\subset Y$ is a reduced exceptional divisor. (Here $K_X$ is a nef Cartier divisor.) \\par For all canonically polarized smooth varieties of dimension $n$, in [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74, 1798--1799 (1977; Zbl 0355.32028)], \\textit{S.-T. Yau} proved the optimal inequality \\[ (-1)^n c_1^{n-2}\\cdot c_2\\geq (-1)^n \\frac{n}{2(n+1)} c_1^n. \\] Miyaoka proved that the inequality $c^2_1\\leq 3c_2$ holds for all smooth projective surfaces of general type in 1977 and in 1985, he proved that $3c_2-c_1^2$ is a limit of those of effective rational 1- cycles for all smooth minimal projective varieties of general type. Later, Kobayashi, M. Chen, Catanese, De-Qi Zhang and J. A. Chen generalized Noether's inequalities for surfaces and obtained various versions of Noether inequalities for threefolds. \\par \\textit{M. Chen} [Math. Res. Lett. 11, No. 5--6, 833--852 (2004; Zbl 1079.14047)] conjectured that for a Gorenstein minimal threefold $X$ of general type, there should exist positive rational numbers $a$ and $b$ such that \\[ K_X^3\\geq a \\chi (\\omega_X)-b. \\] In this paper, the author proves two main theorems. \\par Theorem 1.2. Let $X$ be an irregular Gorenstein minimal threefold of general type. Then \\[ K_X^3\\geq \\frac{4}{3} \\chi (\\omega_X). \\] A direct application of Theorem 1.2 is to prove the following optimal inequality: \\par Theorem 1.3. Let $X$ be a Gorenstein minimal threefold of general type. Then \\[ K_X^3\\geq \\frac{4}{3} \\chi (\\omega_X)-2. \\] The main idea to prove Theorem 1.2 is to first show \\[ K_X^3\\geq \\frac{4}{3} \\chi (\\omega_X)-6. \\] Since $X$ is irregular, for every integer $m\\geq 2$, there is a cyclic unramified covering $\\pi: X'\\rightarrow X$ of degree $m$ such that \\[ K_X^3\\geq \\frac{4}{3} \\chi (\\omega_X)-\\frac{6}{m} \\] holds for every $m\\geq 2$. Let $m\\rightarrow \\infty,$ Theorem 1.2 is proved.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$9160F9EA-79FC-4A7A-8260-2E425A419A87","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"a5f05df5c4fbf85b75976b166554ff10ddb068d1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":590883,"id":"Q590883"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$854919A2-3B31-42EC-9A61-9966058B51D9","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"25966e22aa8e84732409440040a369ca7e7260a0","datavalue":{"value":"14J30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$8712748A-83A9-453E-85CE-F4273C4B8ABD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"31461bd18eda9bff06581245073777de6a125236","datavalue":{"value":"14C20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$67E38B28-E82A-4864-A77B-99C0ADB6A4C4","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"ca83e0e2ab7e42534b9707911f7f03d414057d07","datavalue":{"value":"6868974","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$D915EE13-3D53-4186-A145-5E2CDF2A9CFD","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"17e0a80808c17e79656bddd12ece8db4f378d9d2","datavalue":{"value":"Albanese map","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$E54BD0A8-2239-4848-8FD2-40E8E633BF9B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"ed5a5e632f8404e7aa92a31366c5e777dc3b49f8","datavalue":{"value":"canonical map","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$80F80932-2D67-48B1-8A9B-D68F347DCD02","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"6a3a2b8d3a822709276ec74f48bd41c2041891a5","datavalue":{"value":"3-folds of general type","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$61CAC970-F360-451E-8C69-F8CB51113313","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$112BBD5E-7B1E-46D2-B1DF-DE126E5F830C","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"609303535f4d773aa24f38ad50e1078aaf6a0d17","datavalue":{"value":"W2800886090","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$8A07C774-F39D-49F4-8287-A66CFD55E414","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"dc11158663dea2d5fa82199792d33f06da03da45","datavalue":{"value":"Q129862361","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$E5762BBE-7842-4AE9-97CC-2E657E09CB12","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"05050d2e31a8bec918d498b8b25e4fca58c471ab","datavalue":{"value":"10.4310/CAG.2018.V26.N2.A3","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1749221$12AD9C28-6FF6-48FA-844F-CA2E25585875","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"55f9d155895a336057041a6bdd9ad26a27a0cca4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":997924,"id":"Q997924"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f32231fa3e5babd19502a2ddce0d34b78b93f339","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.867241382598877","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1749221$A063375C-F67B-4D31-8A2E-62C205A5A918","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"379a24d1751f31fedae34e5711297d3012310cb7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1358243,"id":"Q1358243"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"fc31b2885186e02e190d92b435b9282eabb10369","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8438535928726196","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1749221$5DFA6D2B-8E81-4284-928D-A11BA395DF09","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7054592c0a0ce45ab10fbcfb843bf8e51b45c3f7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":487959,"id":"Q487959"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2d637f48bc1ae1fe2b0afe42f2507d49d6a911ec","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8356845378875732","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1749221$06BC83B2-D3D8-478D-B265-7936A21A4870","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b18d2736cc2e55dafeaa327b34e5eff4fd1807f3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1028302,"id":"Q1028302"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"57778836ca89ecba17ed15aa847645fe5e994c72","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8271324038505554","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1749221$69468E45-7C4C-4834-8A90-93BA33F29F40","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5c72c065fadaadf5832f997af6c1652ed51c9b4c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2471531,"id":"Q2471531"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1405c64351a78f361fdd2ad5a99fe349a6c70867","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8222337365150452","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1749221$D93BE4F5-15FB-411B-9A0E-AD987A37B394","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Inequality for Gorenstein minimal 3-folds of general type","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Inequality_for_Gorenstein_minimal_3-folds_of_general_type"}}}}}