{"entities":{"Q1764225":{"pageid":1774967,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1764225","lastrevid":73857774,"modified":"2026-04-14T17:31:07Z","type":"item","id":"Q1764225","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Digit, the word and the issue"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2138139"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1764225$026A3147-2278-4309-A619-699C2A1EDD74","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"5cbdb32f16b199cf9e123d7c49501cea960e5655","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Digit, the word and the issue","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1764225$B916C404-9041-4509-BE10-1E49D8E80B3B","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"026c8aeab4943661fe5ca48fe959dbb3d5555337","datavalue":{"value":"1070.01001","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1764225$50BEF883-B2C7-4165-8E10-8E919EEF2676","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"c90c6880477e5b8205fc27abd99e34ccb378ae6f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":194541,"id":"Q194541"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1764225$EA2FE86B-F063-42B2-AA62-50486DAEE8AD","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"acb9018679bc717a3868823379e1b5aa1d36ccf9","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2005-02-24T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1764225$BC84AD8F-24BC-41F7-BEA2-B22413C8EBE1","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"2f7411a969a500348c55d1a22061cc2fff46704a","datavalue":{"value":"Gest\u00fctzt auf Editionen und Sekund\u00e4rliteratur, wird der Weg der indisch-arabischen Zahlzeichen -- nachgewiesen in Spanien ohne die Null seit 976 [\\textit{K. Vogel}, Die Practica des Algorismus Ratisbonensis. Ein Rechenbuch des Benediktinerklosters St. Emmeran aus der Mitte des 15. Jahrh. nach den Handschriften der M\u00fcnchener Staatsbibliothek und der Stiftsbibliothek St. Florian. M\u00fcnchen: C. H. Becksche Verlagsbuchhandlung (1954; Zbl 0057.00204)] --, vor allem jedoch der heutigen Null, seit ihrem Verbreiten in Westeuropa im 12. Jahrhundert anhand markanter Fachw\u00f6rter und zugeh\u00f6riger Rechenverfahren aufgezeigt. Die indischen Ziffern traten im Abendland zuerst unter dem Namen litterae [Buchstaben] auf, ``die eine gewisse figura haben'' (S. 159), man nannte sie auch caracteres, dann numeri; die Null hie\u00df as-sifr, zephirum, ciphra, sp\u00e4ter nulla.  Verf. weist auf rechnerische Besonderheiten und auf den Werdegang der W\u00f6rter Ziffer aus dem arabischen Wortstamm und Null aus lateinischen \u00dcbersetzungen heraus hin, vor allem in der Renaissance. Beginnend mit der Verbreitung durch Leonardo und Alexander von Villa Dei, wird -- die sich ver\u00e4ndernde Bedeutung der Fachausdr\u00fccke ``as-sifr, zephirum, cifra, Ziffer ist \\dots urspr\u00fcnglich die Null'' (S. 161); ab dem 15. Jahrhundert bekam die Null den Namen Null; ``Mit dem neuen Namen f\u00fcr die Null wurde das Wort cifra bzw. Ziffer frei und konnte nun auch die anderen Zahlzeichen bezeichnen, aus denen sich das indische System aufbaut'' (S. 163) -- der Entwicklungsgang des Begriffs Ziffer beschrieben; verschiedene Bezeichnungen f\u00fcr die Null -- zephirum, ciffra, cipher etc. -- hielten sich jedoch bis ins 19. Jahrhundert. Verf. greift die Behauptung auf, dass die Stadt Florenz 1299 den Kaufleuten den Gebrauch der indischen Ziffern in ihren Gesch\u00e4ftsb\u00fcchern verbot.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1764225$96423B10-C2E3-48AA-B6FE-31D979758005","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"6cebdb0e1604e1162f6ce137bcdc783fa53247d9","datavalue":{"value":"01A05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1764225$38EF5662-894B-47D3-809C-BE80DF711E31","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"b4f03a6eb33272070ad3f7056081561936254e13","datavalue":{"value":"2138139","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1764225$9DEF2449-67B3-4D2F-A675-F469FEBDDD93","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"85eef88b68c34fb573ec32f52ad3bd6d1a14b8f0","datavalue":{"value":"changing meaning of the word Ziffer","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1764225$D244D053-8B99-4993-B8F2-058BF1A3A0D3","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"e9ee967ffec15296fc505bed6103282511ae19cc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1055390,"id":"Q1055390"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1764225$C8E17DDD-0A91-4CCB-8517-81727FCA4DAC","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"8416f9900ff22b99e306cb2689632624161ccf3a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":593261,"id":"Q593261"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1764225$74A2F147-73DC-4011-B2FC-752F2A2D0629","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1764225$5A490243-393F-4215-A78A-050FE291A0AD","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"da4c19960de3efe7912ab775097175d214a3759f","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00591-004-0085-2","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1764225$56FA6132-23B7-4C5B-B57C-CC69F92A62B1","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"fb1850ffcc2627a30e48c2c05dc9dc395dd748c9","datavalue":{"value":"W1565751030","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1764225$04167619-1589-4304-9478-AE6D036A6197","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"7072c780be8560befbd959f70f037244e38c3630","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S00591-004-0085-2","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1764225$F05BF61C-A644-423B-B016-AF3393946C23","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"264f62245f420d20d0d279641d527b6f9668722f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4428920,"id":"Q4428920"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5cb90dd1209935febcd9cf197a61476e6fff365d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8529084","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1764225$EEB632C3-E493-4C4E-8551-CB2A10E2A255","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"60a573c8602408cd7efee1a7568ad1000875fccd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1590266,"id":"Q1590266"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5020cda7aa91920ce5469f08fffb7267680a2086","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7981411","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1764225$B45FB84F-1049-45CB-B611-3CA3E7E67E08","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f98e18d8e5609cf157a7d79ae8e9574fd72b55bb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2348584,"id":"Q2348584"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"91cae729073e0fa1e93308f45c553701e7297310","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.78981125","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1764225$D116508E-AFDE-4699-BC7A-102E3FD3D5F0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4d92170fe6d890700319d19631fd59f421024bc9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4718798,"id":"Q4718798"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ef0febda81a2c6fe23686fffe64bf9d67e37032a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.76822615","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1764225$C60D6022-E2FD-49F7-B8FE-977F432E28AB","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Digit, the word and the issue","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Digit,_the_word_and_the_issue"}}}}}