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Define weight functions \\(w_p(x)\\), \\(-1\\leq x\\leq 1\\), for these polynomials as follows: if \\(1\\leq p<\\infty\\), then  \\[  w_p(x)=\\begin{cases} (1-x^2)^{-{1\\over 2}} &\\text{ for }T_n,\\\\ (1-x^2)^{{p-1}\\over 2} &\\text{ for } U_n,\\\\ (1+x)^{{p-1}\\over 2} (1-x)^{-{1\\over 2}} &\\text{ for } V_n,\\\\ (1-x)^{{p-1}\\over 2} (1+x)^{-{1\\over 2}}&\\text{ for } W_n \\end{cases}  \\]  and if \\(p=\\infty\\)  \\[  w_\\infty(x)=\\lim_{p\\to +\\infty} (w_p(x))^{{1\\over p}}.  \\]  The author proves the following theorems that extend a number of known results on Chebyshev polynomials.  Chebyshev's equioscillation theorem: Let \\(p_n\\) be a polynomial, \\(\\deg p=n\\), and \\(f\\) be continuous. For four cases of \\(w_{\\infty}(x)\\), the norm  \\[  \\| f-p_n\\|=\\max_{-1\\leq x\\leq 1} |w_\\infty(x) (f(x)-p_n(x))|  \\]  is minimised if and only if \\(w_\\infty(f-p_n)\\) attains its maximum magnitude with alternating signs on at least \\(n+2\\) consecutive points of \\([-1, 1]\\).  The \\(L_p\\) minimality property: The monic polynomials which are corresponding \\(T_n, U_n, V_n, W_n\\) are the best \\(L_p\\) approximations to zero on \\([-1, 1]\\) with respect to their \\(w_p(x)\\), \\(1\\leq p\\leq \\infty\\).   A sufficient interpolation condition for weight \\(L_1\\) approximation: Let \\(f\\) be a continuous function on \\([-1, 1]\\). A polynomial \\(p_n\\), \\(\\deg p_n=n\\), is the best \\(L_1\\) approximation of \\(f\\) with respect to \\(w_1(x)\\) if zeros of \\(f-p_n\\) coincide with zeros of the relevant \\(n\\)-th Chebyshev polynomial corresponding to \\(w_1(x)\\).  The best \\(L_p\\) approximation by partial sums of lacunary series: Let \\(S_n^r\\) \\((r=1, 2, 3, 4)\\) denote the sum of the first \\(n\\) terms of the respective series:  \\[ \\begin{aligned} \\text{(i)}\\quad S^1(x)\\sim\\sum_{k=1}^\\infty a^k T_{b^k}(x), &\\qquad \\text{ (ii)} \\quad S^2(x)\\sim \\sum_{k=1}^\\infty a^k U_{b^k -1} (x),\\\\ \\text{(iii)} \\quad S^3(x)\\sim \\sum_{k=1}^\\infty a^k V_{{1\\over 2} (b^k -1)}(x), &\\qquad \\text{ (iv)} \\;\\;S^4(x)\\sim \\sum_{k=1}^\\infty a^k W_{{1\\over 2} (b^k-1)}(x). \\end{aligned} \\]  Then \\(S_n^r\\) are the minimax approximation to \\(S^r (r=1, 2, 3, 4)\\) with respect to the corresponding \\(w_\\infty(x)\\), given that \\(a\\) is real, \\(b\\) is an odd integer, and \\(|a b|\\leq 1\\). The variants of the last theorem are also proved for \\(p=1\\) and \\(1< p< 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