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The basic notion is that of topological extension of a set \\(X\\), consisting of two ingredients; (i) a \\({\\mathbf T}_i\\) space \\(X^*\\) containing \\(X\\) as a dense discrete subset; and (ii) an assignment \\(f\\mapsto f^*\\) that takes a self-map on \\(X\\) to a continuous extension on \\(X^*\\). This assignment furthermore commutes with function composition, and satisfies the condition that \\(f^*\\) and \\(g^*\\) agree on the closure in \\(X^*\\) of any subset of \\(X\\) upon which \\(f\\) and \\(g\\) agree. (These commutation and agreement properties clearly hold if the extension topology is Hausdorff; e.g., when \\(X^*\\) is the Stone-\u010cech extension \\(\\beta X\\), but need to be stipulated in the more general context of \\({\\mathbf T}_1\\) spaces.)   A topological extension \\(X^*\\) of \\(X\\) is termed a star extension if the closed sets for the topology on \\(X^*\\) are subbasically generated by the (necessarily closed) sets that are the inverse images of singletons in \\(X^*\\) under maps of the form \\(f^*\\). One of the main results of the paper is that every elementary extension of \\(X\\) in the sense of logic/nonstandard analysis (i.e., the relevant first-order signature consists of names for all functions \\(f: X^n\\to X\\), \\(n\\in\\mathbb{N}\\)) may be naturally viewed as a star extension of \\(X\\). In particular each ultrapower extension \\(X^X/{\\mathcal U}\\), where \\({\\mathcal U}\\in\\beta X\\), may be so viewed.   The authors characterize both the ultrapower extensions and the elementary extensions of a set in terms of topological extensions. They also establish connections between the present work and special classes of ultrafilters. 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