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The Ankeny-Artin-Chowla conjecture states that \\(u\\not\\equiv 0\\pmod{p}\\). An analogous conjecture for primes \\(p\\equiv 3\\pmod{4}\\) is due to Mordell.  The main results of this paper are two equivalent conditions for the above conjectures in terms of Lucas polynomials \\(L_n(x)\\) and Vieta-Lucas polynomials \\(L_n^-(x)\\), which are defined by \\(L_0(x)=L_0^-(x)=2\\), \\(L_1(x)=L_1^-(x)=x\\) and \\(L_n(x)=xL_{n-1}(x)+L_{n-2}(x)\\), \\(L_n^-(x)=xL_{n-1}^-(x)-L_{n-2}^-(x)\\) for \\(n\\geq 2\\). More precisely it is shown that the Ankeny-Artin-Chowla conjecture holds if and only if there exists an integer \\(c>0\\) such that \\(a_1=L_p(c)\\) is the smallest positive integer solution for \\(a\\) in the diophantine equation \\(a^2+4=p^3b^2\\). The result concerning the conjecture by Mordell is very similar, involving \\(L_p^-(x)\\) instead of 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