{"entities":{"Q1801448":{"pageid":1812190,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1801448","lastrevid":47168881,"modified":"2025-12-31T21:48:41Z","type":"item","id":"Q1801448","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Index of an implicit time-varying linear differential equation: A noncommutative linear algebraic approach"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 205204"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$00563271-3DB3-4FFB-B761-CD9557A40180","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"917cd3e5e77943ddb8ab05d039811cf3d2501492","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Index of an implicit time-varying linear differential equation: A noncommutative linear algebraic approach","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$30316F52-D6AB-4B07-A9BA-2F86CA0B62CC","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"a08ff6a6d60ee86189af8602b3abd1199164349c","datavalue":{"value":"0774.34002","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$09D9D0EA-6C61-4B52-83A5-78C989E9C3FE","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"a6aa1bf7e593503b4bb9b6ccc6f8fec30c56eebb","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/0024-3795(93)90285-V","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$4631043F-5515-4657-A7AE-81E4CEB7FC8C","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"7f4959b20b4f6d0034e95d6b92ea18adb8c6373a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":672715,"id":"Q672715"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$454903F4-A24E-4069-8074-8E4ACB6B5570","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"c47b9df02f807e6b02ae31121eea6e586bc8df8d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":429741,"id":"Q429741"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$2ECFCC0B-FD8B-4F47-A151-1CDF5A379255","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"db492386409eb82bf91b246c44b43e806c364ad1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":341236,"id":"Q341236"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$8D229F2D-D901-4B65-90AF-4AF981BA9679","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"8de031de05325b44570d0c47c3ec8813873d565c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":92813,"id":"Q92813"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$50A31174-71FF-496C-9A2F-3916F13331BA","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"702f53c29d142b05b13ee07ce2ef14db8f3344b1","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1993-07-21T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$C1E12BB8-28F4-4EE6-8A2F-E575CEEE0175","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"2b9365a8cc635abf84f617edd10e933f08c7a434","datavalue":{"value":"A fundamental concept in working with implicit systems of differential equations, or DAEs, is the index. For path control DAE problems the index is closely related to, but not always identical to, the relative degree. The index is one measure of how far the DAE is from being an ordinary differential equation. There are several formulations of the index for DAEs. To date, they all agree for linear time invariant systems but can be different for nonlinear systems. This paper proposes an intrinsic definition of the index for implicit linear time varying systems, \\(A_ n(t)y^{(n)}(t)+\\cdots+A_ 0(t)y(t)=e(t)\\). This definition relies on linear algebraic techniques over the noncommutative principal ideal ring of nonconstant linear differential operators. It is shown that this definition of index reduces to the usual definition of index for linear time invariant systems.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$E366D253-DD10-454D-8EB8-31B1E1318D67","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"3ed51642a75013e2c8317fd6f54da9de3ef6ccdb","datavalue":{"value":"34A09","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$C15E5909-3FFC-4F9D-A1E2-B46E3E45CDBA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"e89248fee75ab606c05492cde830c333d84ea240","datavalue":{"value":"34A30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$4A749337-383B-44F5-BD8A-7234B340CC76","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"40c08162dc1fd7f4ed80e2403c057b63b912bbb0","datavalue":{"value":"205204","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$453B5005-8439-4593-BDCF-D371589DF080","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d4b65f65cb767fcf2caeac3fd9e1a57f70a08d06","datavalue":{"value":"differential algebra","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$A6BA9D05-8629-4CA8-BC7F-642F8495C1A5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"0bbfcc1f035b8669a2199a2312c6e6e31737cfd8","datavalue":{"value":"implicit systems of differential equations","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$58C1AF26-9EB5-4CB1-A08D-8BD6436B1B3B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"3d75c8a20bcaf61c890fbc54a84a6c941bad1c17","datavalue":{"value":"index","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$552F02F1-49FF-409F-97BB-C55B212B1F16","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"c42ef65ecbdfb50f16907d4cebc50c58de802dc2","datavalue":{"value":"relative degree","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$5DAB2D46-3B0E-4C92-85C6-262B7685C291","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"350f64e1e7aa8326aa0450ae6a819d58f6b2211d","datavalue":{"value":"DAE","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$DD590246-9BB1-4A84-AABE-5B6E68532164","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"ef838135a71046e021dab2bdb277ad2a30c2ed30","datavalue":{"value":"ordinary differential equation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$ABFF603A-328E-47A1-8C5F-5BBEACF9E5BC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"49e4fd33c671ffd53ab304f499127e11c79cc744","datavalue":{"value":"implicit linear time varying systems","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$DA4491D7-15A2-4995-99E1-16F99F121BAF","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"ab9ea5d49e2a0626a3d0cd5821fda8e0a28f445e","datavalue":{"value":"Q115364320","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$4F9B652F-2C55-4111-A2E7-4D0ECF1F3BB3","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"eb826933219f130830b23d83a80228c0070e8603","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":172333,"id":"Q172333"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$803673F8-972A-4148-A8F6-AF72D3CDC300","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$3B899A53-7C7E-47D3-9EC4-ACCF02CDABA7","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a67e5eb4d8652020142d87b8b4a4200c981ac947","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3993493,"id":"Q3993493"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$A887E789-8853-41AD-B793-E6A71C6296FB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a8b6305a8e888cf727a2073da3541e6776a8313d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3808246,"id":"Q3808246"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$1D989038-C01D-4390-8614-AB27FE38AB65","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"eae439adb82343323653a336fb90498865049c86","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3997571,"id":"Q3997571"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$ED3CAFAC-77D1-43A0-B972-C2D342F13A7D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cf44ad39af70c62ef9b3275a72f92e5991096d28","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5783032,"id":"Q5783032"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$150B0E80-EDC1-4918-A6B3-D4608059E723","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0a1ade3af1d65b67127fec8783ad0e4aaa284987","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":804531,"id":"Q804531"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$E244AC2E-57A7-4842-B2F9-646849DDE5B7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8b999c2092b35ca756dd74168e8c95d13f38c866","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3766743,"id":"Q3766743"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$C1374E2A-15F7-445B-83F9-21421EFC61D0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"85e3b063cca89c82e4cdb2b7711cf98404041422","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1824996,"id":"Q1824996"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$BD62367D-7835-463A-8B92-37B2FC011558","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b0dae09d9f52be704e7ffc590d170272b75c39f7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5834678,"id":"Q5834678"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$18B23561-EB9F-4C1A-A11F-F4569576A09F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f57f64acd3b4963534f66d1bdd1bd0ccb926d22b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1233837,"id":"Q1233837"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$E4CF1A65-1B70-4D4A-B3C0-3F603A51388D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"10caed1e840a738fb5949da74d796c58ae32d387","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5680222,"id":"Q5680222"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$C1F84A2C-FE2D-4A56-A482-DE17B7F6341B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4f67cfdeafdcb61f96edfe710ebd684c7f8473d6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1189462,"id":"Q1189462"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$C7C85524-F807-4D44-8A61-996A1037ED90","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"076c0ee276d08bc561c765cd92d588cbee417b6a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3959828,"id":"Q3959828"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$D3FE526B-A5E4-4B9E-A5B9-CF28F9EBCE29","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"0995f5a2e393df89dfc29ce31928c905debe1802","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3795(93)90285-v","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$D13A8119-4A21-44F2-9ACF-EF1BE5508F31","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"46c0d259506488368a51d43892b50dfaa86f3959","datavalue":{"value":"W1989288684","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1801448$F97A69A0-76F3-45D5-96F5-5A1322886AC3","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"82e05cb3c8c8fc6f654cba1e1919ea150f86833f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3777352,"id":"Q3777352"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a4032a69f172df94f9a217b363d24a87d0936a23","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8170371651649475","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1801448$EACDF93B-6F57-4D7B-B47D-17ECE1DB438E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f49d6762e8d78012706b06560bf8d2fee20d68be","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1281825,"id":"Q1281825"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1d6d59ede8c2b850b9c829853607c18654643572","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8078546524047852","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1801448$AC7AC5CC-076C-4793-BE09-46DCEC87D67A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f16babc5b990ca9897cc60401e0dadf2a333ac63","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3987823,"id":"Q3987823"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1d6d59ede8c2b850b9c829853607c18654643572","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8078546524047852","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1801448$BF41016E-F7CC-48E0-985A-FFAE2EAE519C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"64f4537b07109e061d5f341da64fd8b84b5e95c2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4248100,"id":"Q4248100"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"eea9105064666500746735f6098365d1fafdc5b6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8071611523628235","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1801448$6E4009D0-30BA-46F5-9787-2980585FA557","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b8a68b460686c77ee1e949520652f6d223909b04","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1412408,"id":"Q1412408"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f765618341f811636dcb5c3fae54d2929d730fe3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.797779381275177","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1801448$11B1829F-E4A2-44AD-93DC-81BF8C6D936A","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:1801448","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:1801448"}}}}}