{"entities":{"Q1809701":{"pageid":1820443,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1809701","lastrevid":71333457,"modified":"2026-04-13T21:31:23Z","type":"item","id":"Q1809701","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"\\(\\psi\\)-density topology"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1370604"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$F1FDFDA5-E709-4FFC-A515-68ADCEFC5F2D","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"afe6ae15943fe5e0421a8f5aa5b4780428f2e0e5","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"\\(\\psi\\)-density topology","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$26AE33BA-498C-49B5-9BC8-B9CA841D1027","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"f916845b3fe7b56e3404cb83ab0bcae883fe3a83","datavalue":{"value":"0963.26003","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$0CFEEF74-FD8A-4AB4-9102-AB39D414CB54","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"032601b216a87831b31eb772e76daab141ff3810","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF02844336","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$70E4E10F-32CA-4010-BFEC-978DC912127E","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"cb40d11281955feb9c83549c13a27c60db3daa79","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2001-06-28T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$A3B7A924-BCDD-4BCA-BE37-65B97B01171C","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"41baca8264d2cbf95660dc68bc81b0c8611df159","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(\\psi: \\mathbb{R}^+\\to \\mathbb{R}^+\\) be a continuous nondecreasing function, \\(\\psi(0)= 0\\). We say that \\(x_0\\in \\mathbb{R}\\) is a \\(\\psi\\)-density point of a measurable set \\(A\\subset \\mathbb{R}\\) if and only if  \\[ \\lim_{h\\to 0^+} {m(A_n'\\cap[x_0- h,x_0+ h])\\over 2h\\cdot\\psi(2h)}= 0. \\]  If \\(\\Phi_\\psi(A)\\) is the set of all \\(\\psi\\)-density points of \\(A\\), then the operator \\(\\Phi_\\psi\\) has the most properties of the lower density operator (except the Lebesgue property) and the family of all measurable sets \\(A\\subset \\mathbb{R}\\) such that \\(A\\subset \\Phi_\\psi(A)\\) is the topology. The paper includes basic properties of such topology and of functions which are continuous if the domain is equipped with \\(\\psi\\)-density topology and the range -- with the natural topology. Also topologies generated by different functions \\(\\psi_1\\) and \\(\\psi_2\\) are compared. The notion of \\(\\psi\\)-density point (in slightly different setting) was considered by \\textit{S. J. Taylor} [Fundam. Math. 46, 305-315 (1959; Zbl 0086.04601)] in connection with the classical Ulam's problem.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$0649F7E0-C5B4-4F0D-A2FE-2A3D3C62051C","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"0052b58ed9cfda62dbc8c8ff6c147d4fc2899768","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":178286,"id":"Q178286"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$A325585A-D728-4C7C-B2EF-D014DA6030F8","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b822e7a8e3182eac90bd373b5db12c2ae0651c8d","datavalue":{"value":"26A15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$C269F77D-A14D-4D56-80B5-9796DA0E3491","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"adf261b62662840e0afd01ce6284baac80e0cc86","datavalue":{"value":"28A15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$1E2AFBC8-1AF8-4EDF-B323-F85E810BF0E6","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"cde20d1a4e0300ac75a3eec2db15e06c33a0c7e5","datavalue":{"value":"1370604","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$A040092B-FD4E-49EB-B1C1-0F9DE80EDD1B","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"0dc13128c4f65a69e740e33ea9e4e5a2beb1a941","datavalue":{"value":"density topology","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$876D68FE-48E1-4EDA-BDF1-AB4CFC2E10EC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"ca8a292a41cf5be56239a7cb882323774a367860","datavalue":{"value":"approximately continuous functions","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$9DFFA2B2-1CD6-4F4F-916A-524522A9EA9F","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"42ca14e237242c3dab3e1168bb67ea1db09b7f66","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":746978,"id":"Q746978"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$C2E212F5-F3F7-4625-8928-C66EB8D217AE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"304f55f73487b245ae55a61f1cb8fb22af4b55b6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1567571,"id":"Q1567571"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$D8BE8B97-9F05-4161-A683-40E35A59461B","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$0C9EA8F2-216C-4127-952E-CE38F1DA202C","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"070f50f66851de35961c4bb6f2a59f5c2791e874","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5620774,"id":"Q5620774"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$F854D412-996C-4918-93B9-57ECAE114BF9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2c09b3b042f5a65fb0960c905653121d961543a4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2549382,"id":"Q2549382"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$4E3D2B60-0EA5-4399-92A3-79464C6460CB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"723b0b9dfa57c36448aee0505cf65721c7c5e449","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3257233,"id":"Q3257233"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$7EEE8150-D5AF-4032-84B1-FA0B9D1FF34D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"dbb5d763047ad0901b6fab9f05432f59141c273d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1217372,"id":"Q1217372"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$B43D575D-1AA7-4305-B12C-8E6AA2D331C8","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d924c988e9b16e3b5be229242c7005dedeae429a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3421494,"id":"Q3421494"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"704ee4bd8adbbf2f54df7e386a417b51f03ae42c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.84119564","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1809701$EFB05430-E08B-47A5-9DF6-C3C360AB18CA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"62a561a3a1079580c2e10c54101ebc353bcde193","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5699279,"id":"Q5699279"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1f65aeea2eff74d2af707ef16f8dc02b53c667e8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8369008","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1809701$F88904B6-BEC1-405D-B353-DBCD3A3F46F1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"072c4f71fbd029cfcb1a64903135e44e77c51b8f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4667909,"id":"Q4667909"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b2add29c86c2f17f2a39d238815c85e90d8976ea","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.83417904","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1809701$14F936C5-5BB3-4DD1-A34A-4315F3B4E642","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a6c93c9a52db1ec3a114b38b3a7ae24f6b15076a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3421482,"id":"Q3421482"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c2603922b12930be3ff388d0a67c3378b80489bd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.83330953","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1809701$F0F149E1-3AC6-4AAB-B958-56326F97E141","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"759f0cbecfa95c869dcbc95467f03d6866e99b30","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2257468,"id":"Q2257468"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b43c871a7e1f0d34a4c5c07053c8bd6d2bafc391","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.82741016","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1809701$D1258B53-45DE-47AC-8EC4-C1F6DEE6D175","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5d9f8152d81542366900e3e9f9755e87e709e4ae","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1567572,"id":"Q1567572"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d7303b161f98d5a024188277da18720ee56ea40d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8131758","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1809701$F3D0F1AA-E847-4282-AD89-345C6FB93157","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"154e15c49ae0b8b54a1d2572da007b1a86331b19","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5472138,"id":"Q5472138"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"02d7ca51edbe5342577860ee0bcd11dd5b5b42a4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.81233984","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1809701$57951B15-FB0E-4ADA-9335-437054F66FC8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"93bab8807fb19997dc98e089d7918535e942d0a1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3405406,"id":"Q3405406"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ace27bc0daa43dff7783f670772bfba483a21dce","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8099141","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1809701$FDF1ACB1-A9A9-4115-A9EC-9D7585F52D68","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6946251076de1f6a9480fef30c2f01fbf3aa44d2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":657411,"id":"Q657411"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b598f59c982321a6079c4caf1c44938d4403b780","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.807144","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1809701$2B77FBE2-37D0-472D-BCC8-2936BFDEECF0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d9477319bdc001130c4ecaf54f5001f6d32d6f42","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2379908,"id":"Q2379908"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f0958b6bcf20fda2a38e363e5e66813ce8ae5d49","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.79606855","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1809701$DCCF42C5-8017-4B48-AAAD-5F2B5F5CC54E","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"7db817327938cdc8b83382314e7e1d63339cacd9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":559543,"id":"Q559543"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1809701$92CBEEA5-D4A1-409A-9CC8-9698C3D1678F","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"\\(\\psi\\)-density topology","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/%5C(%5Cpsi%5C)-density_topology"}}}}}