{"entities":{"Q1812874":{"pageid":1823616,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1812874","lastrevid":73012890,"modified":"2026-04-14T09:23:09Z","type":"item","id":"Q1812874","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Cohen-Macaulay graphs"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4560"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$F01C8B7C-6961-4C9C-9ED7-1CD86479851D","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"d77d7b8eb86f8a6c9554cb611bdcb072fd5f99fa","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Cohen-Macaulay graphs","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$7B2AA356-922D-4093-8F4E-CC0819F8386C","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"a619e710d775df060540204f5061cad561819922","datavalue":{"value":"0737.13003","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$7C0A4859-F76C-4126-8CA8-4823F7C5BFEF","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"6c538cd5c979e514ea475134c1350a472ee79d99","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF02568497","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$526C8C4D-82B3-4E81-98BE-8099FE913116","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"bd27a74bc82ca0efc12ca9e52a63d17ff5dedc57","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":268478,"id":"Q268478"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$60A3BDDD-3560-457F-9A60-576A3316D758","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"ccf4732529e8c1929b9b7c946ba3218942108f00","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":167493,"id":"Q167493"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$8512BA21-4551-42BF-9D80-CCBB96E15631","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"d3f790682a6be4cc1f3210e15eebe1d6cc5ffbc2","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1992-06-25T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$953AF90B-7282-42F3-9478-03C8C5C09338","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"ecc33d5d00d79a3c8fa04ef7fa935ff3311532a2","datavalue":{"value":"https://eudml.org/doc/155473","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$9F5F6F2A-C93C-45DF-A51F-8201E2305805","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"a720773d0d8d6bb446c1f8f217f0a797fe07a01a","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(k\\) be a field, and \\(V=\\{V_ 1,\\ldots,V_ n\\}\\) indeterminates over \\(k\\). Given a graph \\(G\\) with vertex set \\(V\\), the author defines the ideal \\(I=I(G)\\subset R=k[V_ 1,\\ldots,V_ n]\\) to be generated by the products \\(V_ iV_ j\\) where \\(\\{V_ i,V_ j\\}\\) is a line of \\(G\\). He studies the Cohen-Macaulay property of \\(G\\), i.e. the Cohen-Macaulay property of \\(R/I\\), the symmetric algebra \\(\\text{Sym}(I)\\), and the first Koszul homology \\(H_ 1(I)\\). Despite of the simplicity of the construction it seems very difficult to relate the ring-theoretic structure of \\(I\\) to the combinatorial structure of \\(G\\). (Of course \\(R/I\\) can be interpreted as the Stanley-Reisner ring of a simplicial complex, but this connection does not seem very helpful.)   The paper contains several interesting results and ideas. The main theorems are as follows: (1) A tree \\(G\\) is Cohen-Macaulay if and only if \\(| V|\\leq 2\\) or \\(V\\) can be partitioned into two subsets \\(\\{X_ 1,\\ldots,X_ m\\}\\) and \\(\\{Y_ 1,\\ldots,Y_ m\\}\\) such that \\(\\{X_ i,Y_ i\\}\\) is the only line adjacent to \\(X_ i\\) for all \\(i\\). (2) When \\(G\\) is connected, then \\(\\text{Sym}(I)\\) is isomorphic to the Rees algebra of \\(I\\) if and only if \\(G\\) is a tree or has a unique cycle of odd length. (3) If a tree \\(G\\) is Cohen-Macaulay, then so is \\(H_ 1(I)\\). (4) If \\(G\\) is connected, then the Krull dimension of \\(\\text{Sym}(I)\\) is \\(\\sup\\{n+1,q\\}\\) where \\(q\\) is the number of lines in \\(G\\). In proving these theorems the author applies results of Fr\u00f6berg, Herzog, Huneke-Rossi, and Vasconcelos.   The last part of the paper presents some recursive constructions leading to a large class of graphs \\(G\\) for which \\(R/I\\) is Cohen-Macaulay. Moreover, they show that among the cycles exactly those with 3 and 5 vertices are Cohen-Macaulay.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$36866287-5FFD-41F7-BDBD-9FF7DFD1A0C9","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"8c20767f8067da42afd1d71546eebbac23d712af","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":231133,"id":"Q231133"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$426927FD-0042-4319-93B2-31649EF4B169","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"514b2a5b87d3a62d72c2078d90c78d688f7823ee","datavalue":{"value":"13C14","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$CD9F6C6F-2F20-4804-92AD-E60757630868","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5820de88e9d6d8e1a59edda9f40b2ee12cdbd7e7","datavalue":{"value":"13A30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$7DB6CCA9-BA10-457F-B210-20B281C76EB5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"d5da87a72c21717089feda882f568938059a9d84","datavalue":{"value":"05C05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$D4B4B2C4-4203-49A2-AB6A-01EFAF3DBEBF","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"5ad6f1074a12faf0d8294b5f14f072288686af6e","datavalue":{"value":"4560","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$54E47793-B3D6-46D2-B788-257B26FF1FA7","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9dcd9a96e5032d470fd581d04dc8b4b06760d7bf","datavalue":{"value":"Cohen-Macaulay property","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$CDFA2189-3814-4993-9CCD-B48DAC551FC6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"413af527062275ee4ad6fdb960987f6c9d06caa2","datavalue":{"value":"Koszul homology","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$BDF046F1-18F7-4EB3-9FA5-583E5CFA564D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b99bf76088f7c0d86f8ad372720af624a007f759","datavalue":{"value":"Rees algebra","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$46E09D45-F3DF-47A7-B17C-A73363C5C9EA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a29140cdb1b0e1122d14649fedd52aa970b8343b","datavalue":{"value":"Cohen-Macaulay graphs","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$50358AD9-2555-4B25-AA09-829054760C57","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"86ef6fc703b3b0857d0b631d4497d086e8297154","datavalue":{"value":"symmetric algebras","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$5BD6CADF-01D8-4DC3-841B-87E8725FCDFF","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$016F8E3C-85C0-4C00-BEDB-6FCE3B956DD6","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2ffe25cf25e0e80fcbb99e36e08bce2f24c73aff","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4770975,"id":"Q4770975"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$AA5755A5-3AE6-424E-8FAE-6F659914EB51","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a3d20476b475a809b06f72cae6f36bfbcfda402e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4405282,"id":"Q4405282"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$7DD88038-3280-4A5E-B851-36277D715178","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1491a7d7f8948e89912380fd18ab0bcae4add8c7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3963129,"id":"Q3963129"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$81761E95-25F9-4624-8A06-4AE5E7DD6F9F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2fa62ec80a6999d206f2d31325ae4d771d1737eb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3964688,"id":"Q3964688"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$00658123-D2AD-4DB6-9CF1-7DCB07F57329","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f4b48ed0b93b554b3d13cc207e8d7a9fb72e95f3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3328646,"id":"Q3328646"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$C3CF368A-FECD-471B-AF24-3C79F4EB96CE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"368c486b310929cd92689658dac5bbba2b138d73","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1070288,"id":"Q1070288"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$04E6CEF0-EC36-4970-9D58-88C0506B8E83","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e82904222b9a512f3e983bc9662d9b5c40afe505","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5920823,"id":"Q5920823"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$0E01FF8D-24C9-4F04-9FFC-B06DE69BECAA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a14c49c33034e68b250ee424d68f02d321de7486","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2529926,"id":"Q2529926"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$B8E3DCB0-FB68-47B5-95A8-C023313E4605","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"32402800e191468d5b1ec755ffeaf42d4b7ab9cc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3919809,"id":"Q3919809"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$E9A9ACA0-E56E-4DC4-A9CE-8F4636B9A9FD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d3ded521ea0e8f137aa7841c2a7194108f0fd803","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1262902,"id":"Q1262902"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$C95323E2-4442-429C-972D-80F7081C190F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f3d13be78fe2738a88632147141983e4f62279d0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5896310,"id":"Q5896310"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$BC6A6D0E-E642-4E9F-9553-1B7BF55C8AE3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"66d615c40a36067ea54744f5b49fda85bbcaa388","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3755559,"id":"Q3755559"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$8BF6BFDC-D7BB-46FB-BBBA-9368C447B92F","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"ee0289156999adad92eab5000d4ddd79109a0da7","datavalue":{"value":"W2089328508","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1812874$318F4D7A-4E2D-4604-8C22-EAA3EBE20C68","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c05a63c98bc5c6f0c2f76cc69566f256d0adddab","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1330038,"id":"Q1330038"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9eff491b874bee23f44f9ae16508e4f7b4000415","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8691120743751526","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1812874$BECCA8BA-F994-455D-9639-69338E2426BE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"056ca491f2083fd8c0b719509a047e8b7afe32b1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4794394,"id":"Q4794394"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7e6c764eda9a85ea2fc96e4a66b6fa233b2b6c90","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8478373885154724","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1812874$48EDD73B-9920-4F6E-82FF-2D9C39460948","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"43b1e89f42ee5ec0e7f9fb66005ae1ba3a699cb6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1359083,"id":"Q1359083"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0c45cf807c93af8c608a7d7dee01524c42482a44","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8418915867805481","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1812874$C402B039-FB51-40D9-8E28-E9727F9C9881","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"08fa201cf71408ef1c2d520750c999a216dbbf00","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5412048,"id":"Q5412048"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a7b7605da785ec37e08008bd2ad46f59d1874a7a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8325390219688416","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1812874$EBC2CFAA-4D20-45E3-A52D-90D8A62A5E6F","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Cohen-Macaulay graphs","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Cohen-Macaulay_graphs"}}}}}