{"entities":{"Q1819135":{"pageid":1829877,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1819135","lastrevid":69216054,"modified":"2026-04-13T05:32:12Z","type":"item","id":"Q1819135","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"On non-projective normal surfaces"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1385136"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$4BDFE36A-EA68-4421-B6B9-2282B622C38A","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"e82aa9f137b8fb7154c88c5e5a22551519a778b3","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"On non-projective normal surfaces","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$C0AE8469-B73F-44C8-823F-22CD0EAF5913","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"fe62dcadadf867a9d5310168e1ae678507321d15","datavalue":{"value":"0987.14031","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$2AA1060E-F418-41E1-9D64-E02E7D130789","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"14e3a749b9b3287e5f9ba01300e269d1961bad90","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":177352,"id":"Q177352"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$DE28A2F1-F3B5-4A1F-80C9-6671D7FD8D5F","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"ccf4732529e8c1929b9b7c946ba3218942108f00","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":167493,"id":"Q167493"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$EB950361-5B49-4965-8C0F-6863E480C25A","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"18c027ad92f0a58b9880647077bfa16d4f34ad72","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2002-07-03T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$A96F68A1-21CD-409A-861B-EA2964F8AC2B","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"04a3175cf3c33291459e54d19b1681239649c7f1","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/math/9911004","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$62BA5EFF-5B04-4E3E-8B2C-BEBDDE7AC4FB","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"76a7bb07b61284e7547e38eb2a97497bf77eab2c","datavalue":{"value":"By a surface, it is understood an integral two-dimensional algebraic scheme, proper over a field \\(k\\) (i.e., a complete surface). In the present paper, assuming that the base field is uncountable, the author presents several examples of normal surfaces which are not projective. They are necessarily singular, and have some features that are not possible in the projective case. These examples are certain modifications of \\(Y=\\mathbb{P}^1 \\times C\\), for a suitable smooth curve \\(C\\) of positive genus. More precisely, the modifications involved, called mutations, are of the following type:   Let \\(y\\) be a \\(k\\)-rational point of \\(Y\\), \\(X\\to Y\\) the quadratic transform with center \\(y\\), \\(C_y=p_2^{-1} (p_2(y))\\), (where \\(p_2:Y\\to C\\) is the second projection), \\(D\\) the strict transform of \\(C_y\\) to \\(X\\). One can show that \\(D\\) can be contracted to a point. The contraction \\(Z\\) is called the mutation of \\(Y\\) with respect to \\(y\\). Now, if \\(y_1,\\dots,y_n\\) are rational points of \\(Y\\) one defines the mutation of \\(Y\\) with respect to these points by proceeding locally about each point \\(y_i\\) as above and then glueing the resulting surfaces. One obtains a complete normal surface which, for \\(n>1\\), is not necessarily projective. The author studies the influence of mutations on the Picard group of \\(Y\\) and then, by using suitable curves \\(C\\) and rational points \\(y_1,\\dots, y_n\\) on \\(Y\\) he constructs examples of:   (1) a normal non-projective surface \\(F\\) with \\(\\text{Pic} (F)=0\\),   (2) a normal non-projective surface \\(F'\\) containing an integral Cartier divisor \\(D\\) having \\(D^2>0\\),    (3) a normal non-projective surface \\(F''\\) with no ample divisors;   moreover this example negatively answers a question of S. Kleiman: Is a normal surface with an invertible sheaf \\({\\mathcal L}\\) such that \\(c^2_2({\\mathcal L})>0\\) necessarily projective?","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$5257624F-F3F4-4E52-9E5B-AB732833D241","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"c133483d9bac5dfb2651326ed1a619c46ee4cda6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":357833,"id":"Q357833"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$180E4FCD-0C45-4B36-8524-414A4DCAA563","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"7f0d4050955b7c3a87ea977aa08dcba2cfba6a66","datavalue":{"value":"14M05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$BB646934-52B4-414E-89D4-D55206556235","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"31896422e6d8800b21693e23b11279a404743c5b","datavalue":{"value":"14P99","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$314B5573-C748-4CF2-8916-009243F0B89A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"56e4bb8b2d3810a9bd938b8609509478f078ff6c","datavalue":{"value":"14J17","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$8FAEB6BE-2962-4C1E-8E00-DB0291861098","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"5b0405d477a7945d60b48fa22f9dbb6db0bb1ce2","datavalue":{"value":"1385136","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$C3DAD834-9152-4260-AEF9-9C6EAD80988D","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"5b6555bec9c337035460912d019a8a9b15177016","datavalue":{"value":"non-projective normal surface","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$0A57BAC9-AE09-470E-8853-642D5926AE3B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"34c97ef5a832abfa8d84f9da4b4cd3f0e75463b6","datavalue":{"value":"mutations","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$CF577976-8839-499C-8EEF-E0CA8CBDEA3C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"2cda441e16a91aefcc410dd9adc5161d9c99a8b2","datavalue":{"value":"Picard group","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$26A7433F-A646-4CFA-BFCF-98349C98665B","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$3A3E9836-94D7-45E8-9CFD-49659BA017EA","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"81e1e6a76ab4da4ca5eca7552263bd3786bfbacf","datavalue":{"value":"W2141768588","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$24F1E23F-ED5C-4C6F-ADC1-0DB9660F7D53","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"68f0fe77c967c6cef4f74e68b34d34a01af04a90","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S002290050203","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1819135$51BE5912-0D98-416B-A6A0-60ABEF0DBDD8","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5d7c4c25c278d7c74e406f11b851ba5be7741e9b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4452360,"id":"Q4452360"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f3d32702a073026ef866a4cebc50d4249c873188","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.92733634","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1819135$A4DDD1D4-D700-4E5F-9590-1228947813E3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0c3f4550436633ca92dfa4a2b39c3804580be1ff","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3593466,"id":"Q3593466"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"37bb357ce9d0776120021edc3d75e3455182ff81","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.90774125","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1819135$0928010E-F5B2-4D6F-959C-B55397ED691C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"aa55b15de58a2c8a11fa6dd0b1e36b12a061b2e6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1890539,"id":"Q1890539"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e5a882a8af0929d93f0dadb068c47159dc7c7235","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9059406","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1819135$CEC150F5-6EFF-4EA8-8FA6-E4C53F59A9ED","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"232625786d2fc3e5beb24e70a2db6ce89e57d905","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2465254,"id":"Q2465254"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"265bbc07fae507e8f89d2caf2011a0bd750ca5f0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.90458655","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1819135$E7E5C100-4519-441F-A391-10E1684C04A1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b2766b26320aeee3568f9e79381f7f2886ff3b0d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3974503,"id":"Q3974503"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"788645b3e70d57c26f8baee64d4e91afcc4fa622","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9027172","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1819135$F7D51042-DAE0-42E1-B95F-7013C6076556","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"29fe84a37e6ec5f21edf5ce4c294a8084e935215","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3362096,"id":"Q3362096"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9bcb7caa17c910c058021ac99ce9b861f38a71b6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.89980894","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1819135$0E5350B2-BE39-4C2F-86C0-42EB0F1201EB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"bbf07005867f252c9099087cfa8bea0d5fd05948","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1818033,"id":"Q1818033"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"56d7f34e5b4c3e6ae1dae91f1065a1667c72c9b4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8995003","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1819135$CD817022-965C-4D7D-A4C7-9A6E210432F8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9d8d368044b76217a4341b48eba29f3618ad1cb1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5694827,"id":"Q5694827"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5bcb726ee44b3923262c21b44358f8edd594b3a7","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.89764","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1819135$11C884AD-C8E8-487A-8B8F-66898365A933","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"200fcaa1d8a59b5a6c4c2fa84623258679c83e7b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1093698,"id":"Q1093698"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7d078679886afba35480ad8a2daad61bf9c712a5","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8965314","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1819135$07A0105E-D1CE-45B6-8995-D05A3E24C425","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"On non-projective normal surfaces","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/On_non-projective_normal_surfaces"}}}}}