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L'action de G sur le groupe \\(Pic(\\bar X)\\) d\u00e9finit un homomorphisme \\(G\\to W\\), o\u00f9 W est le sous- groupe des automorphismes de \\(Pic(\\bar X)\\) qui respectent la forme d'intersection et laissent fixe \\(Pic(X)\\). Comme l'ont montr\u00e9 \\textit{Yu. I. Manin} [Math. USSR, Sb. 1 (1976), 141-168 (1968; traduction par Mat. Sb., Nov. Ser. 72 (114), 161-192 (1967; Zbl 0182.237) et \\textit{B. Eh. Kunyavskij} et \\textit{M. A. Tsfasman} [Math. USSR, Izv. 24, 583-603 (1985); traduction par Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 48, No.3, 631-654 (1984; Zbl 0556.14027)], le groupe W s'identifie \u00e0 un groupe de Weyl. Pour les surfaces fibr\u00e9es en coniques, il s'agit de \\(W(D_{8-d})\\)- cette identification d\u00e9pendant d'un certain marquage (choix d'\u00e9l\u00e9ments de \\(Pic(\\bar X)\\). L'action de G se factorise par un plongement \\(G_ X=Gal(K_ X/k)\\hookrightarrow W\\), ce qui d\u00e9finit le corps de d\u00e9composition \\(K_ X\\) de X.    Dans la premi\u00e8re partie de l'article, l'auteur remarque que les r\u00e9sultats de Manin et \\textit{V. A. Iskovskikh} [Math. USSR, Izv. 14, 17- 39 (1980; traduction par Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 43, 19-43 (1979; Zbl 0412.14012)] sur la classification k-birationnelle des k-surfaces rationnelles ont les cons\u00e9quences int\u00e9ressantes suivantes:    (1) Pour \\(d\\leq 4\\), l'entier d, le rang de Pic(X) et le corps de d\u00e9composition sont des invariants k-birationnels des k-surfaces rationnelles k-minimales. (NB: En utilisant les m\u00eames arguments on peut en fait montrer que le G-module \\(Pic(\\bar X)\\) est un invariant k- birationnel.)    (2) Si X et X' sont des surfaces fibr\u00e9es en coniques relativement k- minimales et k-birationnellement \u00e9quivalentes, et \\(d_ X\\leq 4\\), alors les sous-groupes \\(G_ X\\) et \\(G_ X\\) de \\(W(D_{8-d})\\) diff\u00e8rent par un automorphisme de \\(W(D_{8-d})\\) induit par un automorphisme du syst\u00e8me de racines \\(D_{8-d}.\\)    La seconde partie de l'article analyse les automorphismes possibles en (2). Pour d impair, ils sont tous int\u00e9rieurs. Il en r\u00e9sulte que pour une surface de Del Pezzo X de degr\u00e9 4 avec \\(Pic(X)={\\mathbb{Z}}\\), la classe de conjugaison de \\(G_ X\\subset W(D_ 5)\\) \u00e0 conjugaison pr\u00e8s ne d\u00e9pend que de la classe de X \u00e0 k-\u00e9quivalence birationnelle pr\u00e8s. Pour \u00e9tudier le cas des surfaces fibr\u00e9es en coniques avec \\(d=4\\), l'auteur d\u00e9gage une notion de marquage ''r\u00e9gulier''. Les surfaces de Del Pezzo de degr\u00e9 4 font l'objet d'un m\u00e9moire d\u00e9taill\u00e9 de \\textit{B. Eh. 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