{"entities":{"Q1821111":{"pageid":1831853,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1821111","lastrevid":69038409,"modified":"2026-04-13T03:56:25Z","type":"item","id":"Q1821111","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"A Kuratowski theorem for nonorientable surfaces"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3997828"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$4B71FA3C-4BDA-47C5-B8DB-F14FDF65DAEB","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"09c606cc82f916d9a8a5c4916dd55e47e8ac18c1","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"A Kuratowski theorem for nonorientable surfaces","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$B9F6DEBA-614B-4287-B46B-9673AB266410","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"b498c45df2036ce53ced019a6ef3062c520394b7","datavalue":{"value":"0616.05034","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$E2D46A97-FCCF-4B2D-9507-740C3879B0E7","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"fb01d86718967c7383c93b5821ab9e3c71cb93e8","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/0095-8956(89)90043-9","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$CCD95344-1024-44AE-A51A-FBF4EF43CB4E","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"ab491bc6e2a1525acb51d5ff58bc638a6ad9b6a1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1821110,"id":"Q1821110"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$E6F96772-7A51-4679-A7E2-145A7A9DEECA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"a3281d7817b24dfa518df3517fc9d7c8ff267452","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":592090,"id":"Q592090"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$82EC6469-C541-4619-9837-A0F0D5E109AD","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"f07f6fd6d97bd24ff86249abf8a501d3b63b437d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":256978,"id":"Q256978"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$614EA4B9-0005-4B97-B377-F01EA9D9759C","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"7211ad5ca16eb0d22cd0051fff3d0f3af254ceb6","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1989-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$88D24603-256E-499B-A2BD-8923F91B9A8A","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"20c08854820429b6b65deaa96674466c257407bb","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(\\Sigma\\) denote a surface. A graph G is irreducible for \\(\\Sigma\\) provided that G does not embed in \\(\\Sigma\\), but any proper subgraph does so embed. Let I(\\(\\Sigma)\\) denote the set of graphs without degree two vertices which are irreducible for \\(\\Sigma\\). Observe that a graph embeds in \\(\\Sigma\\) if and only if it does not contain a subgraph homeomorphic to a member of I(\\(\\Sigma)\\). For example, Kuratowski's theorem shows that \\(I(\\Sigma)=\\{K_{3,3},K_ 5\\}\\) when \\(\\Sigma\\) is the sphere. In this paper we prove that the set I(\\(\\Sigma)\\) is finite for each nonorientable surface, settling in part a conjecture of Erd\u0151s from the 1930's.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$2DE5C281-41C9-4CD7-B0E3-BDADCCFB9CE2","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"357c7c34a1a90d83243f17011b7aa90788d1792d","datavalue":{"value":"05C10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$73B5EBD6-1106-4E45-B192-641C9BE85140","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5a3bb76dbd41580d9287ece5137de80ddf22202f","datavalue":{"value":"05C35","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$57B3A17D-F573-4EFB-897D-D9C7432A2999","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"aa73c7c177aebc73b8076d79470d97c30381c12c","datavalue":{"value":"3997828","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$B2F380CE-F049-4724-ABA9-FEA0AAA81636","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"80f5c28167f5ca94f50a19a1cc36379213f99b61","datavalue":{"value":"irreducible graphs","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$9E18DA6A-7690-4F8C-85CC-7A43010C6992","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$1003BF9F-CEA6-4AE4-8451-FDA45E07C28C","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"ac781350656c744d66a240f6d870db559c1f6331","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0095-8956(89)90043-9","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$D4187347-03D6-4DB2-BF96-A87BF27CEBB9","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"2021d6d48d7d4c0d1337115eced5abd973e8e606","datavalue":{"value":"W2005856488","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$DACD6B88-0094-4245-B337-2788DF1E2A15","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8a4f5cdaa2d9984ffbb6bf5f17a8fbcdc6c30c31","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3915006,"id":"Q3915006"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$87B3BBFB-E397-41CC-A4C8-7B7CDAF2EDFE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"68aeb4b6fb33988dcc07dd171f4a3194644b6de3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1066151,"id":"Q1066151"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$13B4D666-47ED-4F6F-A114-85D35CBAE234","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c837da2ca835eb3ccea4c3ff35b00c88bde3a596","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5518140,"id":"Q5518140"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$8E6209CF-4C3C-42D1-A6B9-3A8E5780992F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"73ce10616e46ec9502ca91638b4004a9b06be76d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1229219,"id":"Q1229219"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$4D106C18-D7A8-4671-A263-5B826EA5BFAC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"98a57c4267e801408c655cc01fd0c8d31defd1a4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1237748,"id":"Q1237748"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$3E518ED1-2C53-4141-8895-459DEB73A8FE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fbecab109f33bdf9e9365240745ce491a9624be8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1249181,"id":"Q1249181"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$F0112D59-3D86-4D04-96D5-03364C107A62","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c0b7fef702eebf76e8059e58a7b88da68386a4cd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1235711,"id":"Q1235711"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$5C2D6B78-909F-4FA5-A1F8-463B9AC47798","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d817c384661d970dcf04f79f8833917748e4d443","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4187845,"id":"Q4187845"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$8626CC67-0F6C-4C9E-9369-55CCC47A9BCD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4cf82364e50603e44761f8982e58ca685135e2d4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2549699,"id":"Q2549699"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$C3248A77-C0F6-49E9-BEF2-50041C7CC780","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"57aec6c5db82a9e18e702a94abe14e228ae89e75","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2552876,"id":"Q2552876"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$C4FE3947-68B7-4BD8-AF4F-F1E75CE29793","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5148d9be9353afd8f71a6e46eb754f015cf333e1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2639870,"id":"Q2639870"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$ADFFBC7B-71C7-4DC5-B147-FF9A5C7354A4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"55446ec775cd918b6d0feeca9fc5b416e4146d85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3222217,"id":"Q3222217"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$7D96378B-AD1C-4D50-859B-AF1BB420CED8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7bac9e96668c7ec0f829bbe6125b2c6a54e606e8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3684139,"id":"Q3684139"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$BE6B639A-B4CB-4A63-80AA-4871A79CAFC2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ed9995a84060b0c0304d9bca883a92a353067446","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4179029,"id":"Q4179029"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$C704EB57-2A23-4B99-B1B7-26015CF6511D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fec3b5e0d657d9f4ea613c8648365bfacb54b529","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4141836,"id":"Q4141836"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$40AAA51D-F197-4AEA-B0F3-3DF8DABBA1B4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"dab02ce0f6a336e4dd497ddce5d01d5d326952c4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3847965,"id":"Q3847965"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1821111$4140698A-2306-4FE7-ACAA-6A014CC975AC","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"59576fca3e591c18ed85799afcd9e6e25fec1ee3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3222217,"id":"Q3222217"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"50e51688f431ecb406b44a887e1af51936f1a276","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8873591423034668","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1821111$1BFEBAF8-9506-408C-82EA-F5137A490621","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3d6cba3fa474a6f2a5d44582b1f38aae663c99d1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3832584,"id":"Q3832584"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a49ee1406375ae3fb2a99af064484d1e13a0cf68","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8589158058166504","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1821111$7A84E4C4-CAD2-41BD-985A-3D2E8A0DBC65","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0cf2882222ba58c30215d2a2bee4b90e6637c9a1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1066151,"id":"Q1066151"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"884da41ca52b68ff9cb85c544004cd8175477aa9","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8370716571807861","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1821111$C9E5E359-BA27-4E53-A263-2496B4D352BF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3eebb1b2c997e9c97d4705a1b294ea6d1ea4c158","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3712346,"id":"Q3712346"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"07ada19ccf15b5ddba6b592b03a3437cefd5bda1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8241835236549377","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1821111$E5E7041A-5723-4EB2-BDF8-484A8C9A951B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f5e7613d8e76263a00f88442517a106055b621fd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2639870,"id":"Q2639870"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2c22fe36bca89f9c26960d93d21e8a01272a67fe","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.816808819770813","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1821111$3499C794-46E5-40F2-958D-B44A4B87ADB0","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"A Kuratowski theorem for nonorientable surfaces","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/A_Kuratowski_theorem_for_nonorientable_surfaces"}}}}}