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A quadratic form \\(q\\) is said to have a norm splitting if it has an orthogonal decomposition  \\[ q \\simeq s_1N \\perp s_2N \\perp \\cdots \\perp s_dN \\]  with constants \\(s_i\\) in the base field and \\(N\\) the norm form from a separable quadratic extension of the base field. A quadratic form of dimension 6 (8, resp. 12) is said to be of type \\(E_6\\) (\\(E_7\\), resp. \\(E_8\\)) if it has a norm splitting (with the product of the constants not representable by the norm form, resp. with the negative product of constants represented by the norm form).   The main result gives a characterization of the forms of each type in terms of its discriminant and Clifford invariant. Thus a 6-dimensional form is of type \\(E_6\\) if and only if it has a nontrivial discriminant and its Clifford invariant is determined by a quaternion algebra, which, if it is a division algebra, contains the discriminant extension of the form. 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