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The link between both settings is the left linear topology \\(\\mathcal F\\) consisting of those closed left ideals \\(I\\) of \\(C^*\\) which are cofinite, i.e., \\(C^*/I\\) is a finite-dimensional \\(k\\)-vector space. Thus \\({\\mathcal M}^C\\) is identified with the full subcategory \\(\\text{Rat}(_{C^*}{\\mathcal M})\\) of \\(_{C^*}{\\mathcal M}\\) consisting of those left \\(C^*\\)-modules \\(M\\) such that the annihilator left ideal of every element of \\(M\\) belongs to \\(\\mathcal F\\). Since \\textit{D. E. Radford} proved [in J. Algebra 26, 512-535 (1973; Zbl 0272.16012)] that if every left ideal in \\(\\mathcal F\\) is finitely generated (\\(C\\) is then said to be \\(\\mathcal F\\)-Noetherian), then \\(\\text{Rat}(_{C^*}{\\mathcal M})\\) is closed under extensions (\\(C\\) is said to have a torsion rat functor), this type of conditions gained interest. This paper introduces techniques of graded algebras in this framework. So, from the coradical filtration on \\(C\\), a filtration is canonically considered on \\(C^*\\), which leads to its associated graded algebra \\(\\text{gr}(C^*)\\). The authors prove (Theorem 2.8) that for an almost connected coalgebra \\(C\\) (that is, with finite dimensional coradical), several conditions are equivalent, among them: \\(C\\) has a torsion rat functor; each term of the coradical filtration is finite-dimensonal; \\(C^*\\) is left almost Noetherian (that is, cofinite left ideals are finitely generated). This result completes those by \\textit{R. G. Heyneman} and \\textit{D. E. Radford} [in J. Algebra 28, 215-246 (1974; Zbl 0291.16008)] and by \\textit{T. Shudo} [in Hiroshima Math. J. 6, 297-304 (1976; Zbl 0332.16013)]. The proof of Theorem 2.8 heavily rests upon the results given in Section 1 for graded almost Noetherian algebras, which might be of independent interest. Some other interesting results are Proposition 2.5 (left strongly coreflexive coalgebras are precisely coreflexive and \\(\\mathcal F\\)-Noetherian coalgebras), or Theorem 2.12 (the coalgebra is right semiperfect if and only if \\(\\mathcal F\\) has a basis of principal left ideals generated by an idempotent). This last result has been recently used by the reviewer, \\textit{C. Manu} and \\textit{C. N\u0103st\u0103sescu} [in Commun. Algebra 31, No. 10, 5169-5177 (2003)] to characterize quasi-co-Frobenius coalgebras as the \\(\\mathcal F\\)-Noetherian coalgebras such that \\(C^*\\) is a self-injective ring. The paper is completed with a study of some properties of coalgebras such that \\(C^*\\) is Noetherian, including Artin-Rees property, stability of the subcategory of rational \\(C^*\\)-modules, or the rational character of the Poincar\u00e9 series associated to the coradical filtration in the co-commutative 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