{"entities":{"Q1858629":{"pageid":1869371,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1858629","lastrevid":69134940,"modified":"2026-04-13T04:59:56Z","type":"item","id":"Q1858629","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"On rational approximations with denominators from thin sets. II."}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1868564"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$D33E9DA0-8451-4F7C-8EA2-DBF6BF615539","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"b3f330a3eb4118418588d5563c23dedcb6f8b9bc","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"On rational approximations with denominators from thin sets. II.","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$EFC39A96-C26F-4D63-A2B3-E930C0F9482C","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"d1499603067f3d75612480c8e06ccaa435323b66","datavalue":{"value":"1101.11023","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$B020FBE3-A185-4D42-8FA1-A88B5DD4238B","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"df922bd373a49ff0113efbd9496d9e17a45baeab","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF02941663","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$5284D109-0901-4235-A032-8DE091AD23A9","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"8c7a36fed93a2c5106c0dd147c45f135ff18693b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":227705,"id":"Q227705"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$7D033597-BC5C-407A-9972-E27E01F6822E","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"aeee03ff93cd4d2bc8e8bd2001afc62b5646464f","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2003-02-13T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$C7C2ADA9-86D4-4A78-B798-1B853AE04EB7","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"8b5f1cb58163387aec349c87f2827a8596e6d720","datavalue":{"value":"A subset \\(\\mathcal A\\) of positive integers is called a thin set if \\(\\#\\{a\\in A\\: a\\leq x\\}/x\\to 0\\) (\\(x\\to\\infty\\)). Put  \\[ \\mathcal M(\\mathcal A)=\\{\\xi\\in(0,1)\\backslash\\mathbb Q \\mid \\exists(f_\\xi:\\mathcal A\\to(0,\\infty))\\quad\\forall(p\\in\\mathbb Z, q\\in\\mathcal A, \\gcd(p,q)=1): | q\\xi-p| >f_\\xi(q)/q\\} \\]  and  \\[ \\overline{\\mathcal M}(\\mathcal A)=\\{\\xi\\in(0,1)\\backslash\\mathbb Q \\mid \\exists(k_\\xi:\\mathcal A\\to(0,\\infty))\\,\\exists^\\infty(p\\in\\mathbb Z, q\\in\\mathcal A, \\gcd(p,q)=1): | q\\xi-p| \\leq k_\\xi(q)/q\\}.  \\]   The purpose of this paper is to investigate the distribution of the irrationals within the sets \\(\\mathcal M\\) and \\(\\overline{\\mathcal M}\\), proving the following.   (1) \\(\\mathcal M(\\mathcal A)\\) is dense in the unit interval. A specific subset of Liouville numbers exists.   (2) There are thin sets \\(\\mathcal A\\) of positive integers and a real number \\(d\\) depending on \\(\\mathcal A\\) such that \\(\\{\\xi\\in\\mathcal M(\\mathcal A)\\mid f_\\xi(q)>d\\quad (q\\in\\mathcal A, q>c)\\}\\) is no dense subset of the unit interval for every positive \\(c\\).   (3) If \\(\\theta\\) is a real number in the unit interval, satisfying \\(| y\\sqrt{D}-x| \\leq\\theta/y\\) for an integer \\(D>9\\) which is no perfect square and for some positive rational \\(x/y\\), then  \\[ | (x^2+D y^2)\\sqrt{D}-2xyD| \\leq 3\\theta^2 D\\sqrt{D}/(x^2+D y^2). \\]    (4) There exist strictly increasing positive integers \\(q_0\\), \\(q_1\\), \\(q_2\\), \\(\\dots\\), such that \\(q_n-q_{n-1}\\) exceeds a real-valued positive function for every \\(n>2\\) and \\(\\overline{\\mathcal M}(\\mathcal A)\\) corresponding to \\(\\mathcal A=\\{q_n: n\\geq 0\\}\\) is dense in the unit interval.   (5) If \\(\\sum_{n=0}^\\infty 1/q_n\\) converges for strictly increasing positive integers \\(q_0\\), \\(q_1\\), \\(q_2\\), \\(\\dots\\), then the Lebesgue measure of \\(\\overline{\\mathcal M}\\) is nullified.   The proof of the first part of these results is essentially the same as that of the Part I paper by the author [Abh. Math. Sem. Univ. Hamb. 69, 229--235 (1999; Zbl 0946.11013)].   Finally, the author remarks that the Duffin-Schaeffer conjecture (see the Corollary to Theorem 2.10 in [Metric Number Theory. London Mathematical Society Monographs. New Series 18. Oxford: Clarendon Press (1998; Zbl 1081.11057)]) holds for some specific case.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$DD4FD49A-1178-4711-B6B6-B15B5146D0F6","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"3c40ccf101f1116be404a15b0ef3081ee61e48fa","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":250279,"id":"Q250279"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$4958DFE3-C87B-46B2-8BB3-A3BE2DB60684","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b4408999b780a76f850dec6c535b2536e7dfb88c","datavalue":{"value":"11J04","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$F530DEBA-93B7-4E5E-ACF9-8C3E94B1EBFF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"0e16b73d668e1481a22707de3aa06c6e25136661","datavalue":{"value":"11A41","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$78B49B14-4528-4388-8B2C-85A1743BC681","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5648d57cf9b82b961864414b7326649c4d02c6a2","datavalue":{"value":"11J70","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$E9BBC8C8-7724-4A1C-AD85-97BD0E558EDB","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"6f7aac3ce4ec4b25016b15452a0fb506b57a3600","datavalue":{"value":"1868564","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$359BC04F-4727-4CCC-92AE-E3431A5F4CB5","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"4666f40be29b2df785160cac5b867bc7a931ab84","datavalue":{"value":"rational approximations","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$1A2F0102-B032-44D8-9503-6F46110D9DFC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"516201bbbcadbedf2a551ad6c9a99d3167fedb82","datavalue":{"value":"thin sets","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$00F164FB-8C90-4F2C-9ABB-EC91899F23C5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9f4e75d32c2f103fed2424f09cd836367df0932d","datavalue":{"value":"Duffin-Schaeffer conjecture","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$24ACD25A-92CC-4FD2-B50B-CAD986C2F990","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"de122249390982e518879aba3b96f067d4c56b1c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":189911,"id":"Q189911"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$89ACCBB8-71D4-42E8-B723-E918B519C628","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$2DE827EA-2F11-491B-8849-C326100A68F2","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5bb6f898b6e6eb53712362a1083edab33f51a1ed","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1969660,"id":"Q1969660"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$7FEF22B1-7CCF-492A-9CD0-4AFBBA2CD756","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a1817955312fa3e29266d1087400f0c2b23b6042","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4943123,"id":"Q4943123"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$61BB9A55-D081-4119-B7C1-CB1438660991","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c03048d498d87aa0d934ccc1ebd3b6ef373e96f8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4389330,"id":"Q4389330"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$5CBC90B7-5152-4663-BD97-5D57AD80C221","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0ab38cd6fffddcde6246bfbb88f7583c57aab280","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4855311,"id":"Q4855311"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$E632AE9A-6C79-4C6C-A60E-6882727CCAB4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7c1ac10fb65418c6a08a6e4dd7f916316d4e1748","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5680201,"id":"Q5680201"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$6705EE7B-C84D-4FE3-9CE3-620F992D3E56","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"02ffbebf98df7b611d69a6699f34ec49d6116fa1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5771233,"id":"Q5771233"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$85F021BA-028F-4621-8D54-4B764A4CC297","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d6a88e7c87651eeb3ff2433bf71733b763895cdc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2626710,"id":"Q2626710"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$2FA16419-D8B4-45F3-97F0-ACC2AC1D5878","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"d277feba7e743069a6c74cfd0e430f01d660ca80","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02941663","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$98CC2811-2DA1-4839-A6B9-B7BD0C613A56","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"b3d5a0925fcb4f46ecabf1138eb888d9156dc709","datavalue":{"value":"W2150517742","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1858629$2CE8D21B-8977-40BE-A896-A9454BA63A74","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"35f697c1e21c842c51e9bf3692c782a5640c9d27","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1969660,"id":"Q1969660"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0da5112eb0515180966a696acee2aa1a672c7ab8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.97691995","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1858629$079A7891-FDAC-4BFA-907D-1EC0A7D4BD10","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f03324eb3f47484cbe1fd41c9eb42001efd2c09a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3743798,"id":"Q3743798"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ce270bff928a161def82d92069ffc092d9a7a0b6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.87710035","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1858629$20233D81-EBA9-41AC-999D-781164E75B2E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b62d1499ae80ee428b9d2b41177d02296f6722d2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3779168,"id":"Q3779168"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c0a021a8bb05ee919dbc928ba2c697d43d2babd8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8762025","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1858629$9B531523-467A-472E-B057-214EA5DC3C64","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"cc9a46a309ccf8aa6a8f955ff593df8a04d41941","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1230049,"id":"Q1230049"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ebdb3c279cfbeec3418063e139686f322a72a10d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.87616813","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1858629$A7B7B577-D6DE-4D71-A681-42B63ADD5693","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"eef02d1fe9fb3d9bb2cd891118a4a87deaccdd1a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4922589,"id":"Q4922589"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"dd76fb791bb6f425b88edd746aa05530be308860","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8758064","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1858629$DF55E72D-0F58-401C-A411-C15B4DBAFADB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"8e52abebd0444724c41869ec5b97380e7ace5de0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3391526,"id":"Q3391526"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f2605ef9c32b7ef1f46be763f2dab5e02d4acb86","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8751813","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1858629$E12CFC5F-8340-492A-9C3C-65E073C6268C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"63bae78ebc27a003c62d2f3837d9821c0ebde7a1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3469350,"id":"Q3469350"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3a06325dd00dbce5b55e5fc7eb0d02b0828f6fc0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8734949","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1858629$E5B864AE-EDA6-4B5C-B678-B668099DF380","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d4b7eb3a760d5b9d4cf9abdc64d48de17f140999","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1096819,"id":"Q1096819"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"51860462ae66f5e837dffc628aa15bc3d3a09915","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.87265277","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1858629$8C49CD43-A705-4CEA-B1A6-84A9FE3A8579","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0836071c786e0ec94552c6e993ec1fdc3c719a20","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4756340,"id":"Q4756340"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"70cf67ae533558b35ec268fc64514b3c21d90619","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.87200457","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1858629$8B1E7CD7-7D6E-4143-A708-524C694CA025","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e29a685eb31c31c4514232979e7df61db43ffe29","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1204102,"id":"Q1204102"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a1802e1a030bf63e4a02fc42bcf575550cacb25a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.871878","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1858629$F4433E27-BDEE-4202-A585-BEDD1E8F6B4B","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"On rational approximations with denominators from thin sets. II.","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/On_rational_approximations_with_denominators_from_thin_sets._II."}}}}}