{"entities":{"Q1863964":{"pageid":1874706,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1863964","lastrevid":73908660,"modified":"2026-04-14T17:41:53Z","type":"item","id":"Q1863964","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Geodesics on a certain step 2 sub-Riemannian manifold"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1880572"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$83423D24-3BF1-46FF-86B5-F24625E09D33","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"0b57c4a1b6bccaf546e888c6d642bd711c5c08a1","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Geodesics on a certain step 2 sub-Riemannian manifold","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$055249AB-9F74-4CE2-93F4-758AF8CA814A","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"2e4a53c59d539ecc94208676d284e62156c9355a","datavalue":{"value":"1030.53034","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$B820C623-B354-4CED-AE02-9097241854DD","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"a0f7283085d27c119d05b318241879d7442c358c","datavalue":{"value":"10.1023/A:1020599110954","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$20913E0B-980B-44C3-8A66-1A6A5DACBBC9","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"0928e200145c7a4a35444a60e8606ba4b48ede59","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":384944,"id":"Q384944"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$1FFAE5F7-2507-469B-84BA-C51A7B021C53","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"926965b3909bd3df3b8d1c5792f7d184a3caa654","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":188382,"id":"Q188382"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$C0B76164-2944-4F46-99D3-2DEFA757915A","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"585d8400e4286d8eef8a207a8abbdf1f1910e204","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2003-03-12T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$D5F0C612-CD37-4A81-86D7-0CFA55CA1E34","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"1b0d289d590e190019957e3b282e3f489fb1074a","datavalue":{"value":"The author considers a sub-Riemannian structure on \\(\\mathbb R^3\\) induced by the vector fields  \\[  Y_1=\\frac {1}{\\sqrt{1+|x|^2}}\\left(\\partial_{x_1}+2x_2\\partial_t\\right),\\qquad Y_2=\\frac {1}{\\sqrt{1+|x|^2}}\\left(\\partial_{x_2}-2x_1\\partial_t\\right) \\]  and certain horizontal curves called normal geodesics which are characteristic curves for the induced Hamiltonian  \\[ H(x,\\xi,\\theta)= \\frac 12\\cdot\\frac{1}{1+|x|^2}\\left[(\\xi_1 + 2x_2\\theta)^2 + (\\xi_2-2x_1\\theta)^2\\right].  \\]  The author proves that if \\(\\rho\\) is large enough then there are no normal geodesics joining the origin with a point \\((x,t)\\), \\(t\\not = 0\\), where \\(\\rho = |x|\\). Moreover, when \\(\\rho\\) is small enough and \\(t>0\\) an approximation of the number of normal geodesics is computed. If \\(x=0\\) and \\(t>0\\) then there are infinitely many normal geodesics of distinct length joining the origin with a point \\((x,t)\\).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$5EA74BF1-2B77-4C76-96B6-CB10FF5E9DC9","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"eca2665a2b410bb164e65b25a90c788c17f2c10f","datavalue":{"value":"53C17","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$2CE28F38-EC96-41D5-A6B4-6FC97D127F47","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"402994ae9b14408367a5e5f04c96f68bdb5717b5","datavalue":{"value":"34K10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$74A95570-4F85-4697-ACCC-09BBB16FEF07","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"31e5f2cab9338e069e06abed12936be0327625a7","datavalue":{"value":"53C22","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$12126E03-92F9-4BE8-970A-CA215223C2D9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"c0abefd646609d9c72ef0c7c960df609622e3061","datavalue":{"value":"35H20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$303A3443-23C9-4578-A23E-345C18D4C83B","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"65b93150f310394239af04d4c9a4af4e0459a85b","datavalue":{"value":"1880572","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$F0BA7AB0-BBD3-4895-96FF-5C30DC1565EB","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"ce5747fc73fd4f3464d5f99f3ac68830c8b97b96","datavalue":{"value":"sub-Riemannian geodesic","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$BE646E4B-7ACA-40FB-9E09-C67CD2BE1B1B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9b05f11759e50cb73b3b995261cfc4f4683f1a4d","datavalue":{"value":"Heisenberg group","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$ABFE95B9-98B3-47A6-B287-20C7BC593136","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"15eda28664ba5cd7f87e84067ace163f50cd16fc","datavalue":{"value":"Hamiltonian system","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$9E7E5B49-D2EF-42E4-914F-3CE161B3E879","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"52e1f2f3125e3d672acb306fc2246ef4027e450b","datavalue":{"value":"Lagrangian","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$EA97B0C9-7558-482C-9E05-11548FC0CFCE","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"4a6b76a7cab0a8a4b3f16b8f50150ff5c57ec980","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":590980,"id":"Q590980"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$7033C614-B85F-4DF0-81C6-82552A047F5C","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$87B223E2-8DD4-4988-BDCC-9210608CFBB6","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"98fee72075ec6701f422ebe3927fd482322f5cca","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020599110954","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$C6195729-927F-4F4C-A35D-6411F5FBBB53","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"28595d0cc1fd3c725c7b6731092b155c71310878","datavalue":{"value":"W21939440","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1863964$04FB9566-52D2-476D-89F0-288381403076","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"94fac96d7bb70caa228c9243852cf3d081050caf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4474593,"id":"Q4474593"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6bafc907e4d485cd3191d404da6efff448dab427","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8831673264503479","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1863964$6D36DF09-9D7B-4B74-8824-140835264772","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"8f3a3f75cf6498220edb3cec11e5d53bd51e4b2d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3401825,"id":"Q3401825"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"65a9234f926a09f2eef618f8a8b2ecf72e8392cf","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8807168006896973","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1863964$2A7BC800-62A4-4F78-8BB2-ED06C7AC4155","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"255ffac90abd07e2a07d8fc365fb78d86dae1cd0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1431371,"id":"Q1431371"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"eb174d15d191deb5354448ed6f7ed711eda80863","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8676701188087463","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1863964$538AD387-4E79-4C71-A524-515BD43E273A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9f0ddead829c5157d5015e2c16893f379a172162","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5947295,"id":"Q5947295"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1c521f37fc660cd7ffb27639383c3a9c55ce8881","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8535464406013489","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1863964$B7F19C0A-7CF7-49B2-9656-0634A43F7D6E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"323f1214bd6910268ca658c67d53f66d4cd1e6f9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2568567,"id":"Q2568567"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a827b6d317f9a30c858b84ccd84823f292f5dfc6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8467825651168823","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1863964$B0C52C0C-6A56-4B17-B895-48B51A2C62F3","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Geodesics on a certain step 2 sub-Riemannian manifold","badges":[]}}}}}