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In the present paper, the setting is that of a unital additive surjection \\(\\Phi\\) between two standard operator algebras (closed subalgebras of the algebra of all bounded operators acting on a Banach space that contain the identity and the ideal of finite rank operators). It is proved that if \\(\\Phi\\) preserves (in both directions) any of the following properties/sets: invertibility, zero divisors, topological divisors of zero, quasi-affinity, injectivity, surjectivity, range density, lower-boundedness and left maximal ideals; then \\(\\Phi\\) is either an isomorphism, conjugate isomorphism, anti-isomorphism, or conjugate anti-isomorphism. By preserving in ``both directions'' it is meant that ``\\(t\\) has property \\(X\\) if and only \\(\\Phi(t)\\) has property \\(X\\)''. The technique used consists essentially of proving that a map \\(\\Phi\\) in the above conditions should necessarily be injective and should preserve rank one operators in both directions. These two properties permit to show that \\(\\Phi\\) is either a similarity or a conjugate 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