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The commutator filtration \\(F_n\\), described in detail in this paper, gives rise to a terminology of nilpotency analogous to the ordinary filtration \\(\\underline{m}\\supseteq\\underline{m}^2\\supseteq{\\underline{m}^3}\\supseteq\\cdots\\) of local commutative rings with maximal ideal \\(\\underline{m}\\). \\textit{M. Kapranov} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 505, 73--118 (1998; Zbl 0918.14001)] used this nilcommutative (NC) theory to develop a theory of nilcommutative \\(d\\)-smooth algebraic varieties. The present paper focuses on the affine part of Kapranov's work: Kapranov proved that there exists a unique tower of surjective homomorphisms  \\[ \\cdots\\twoheadrightarrow R_d\\twoheadrightarrow\\cdots\\twoheadrightarrow R_d\\twoheadrightarrow R_1\\twoheadrightarrow R_0=A \\]  for any fixed smooth commutative algebra. This article studies the structure of the algebras \\(R_d\\) and the associated graded Poisson algebras \\(GR_d:=\\oplus_{n=0}^d F_n R_d/F_{n+1}R_d\\). The Poisson envelope \\(PA\\) of \\(A\\) is graded, and Kapranov proved that there is a canonical map  \\[ PA/P_{>d}A\\rightarrow GR_d \\]  turning out to be an isomorphism. This article proves that if \\(R_d\\) is any nilcommutative algebra of order \\(d\\) such that \\(R_d/F_1A=A\\) and such that the above canonical map is an isomorphism, then \\(R_d\\) is \\(d\\)-smooth. This means that to give a \\(d\\)-smooth algebra \\(R\\) with \\(R/F_1R=A\\) is the same as to give an associative multiplication  \\[ \\phi=\\sum_{r=0}^d\\phi_r:PA/P_{>d}A\\otimes P/P_{>d}A\\rightarrow P/P_{>d}A \\]  with \\(\\phi_r\\) homogeneous of degree \\(r\\). For a local \\(k\\)-algebra \\((A,\\underline{m})\\) the author gives a canonical construction which produces an associative product for each regular system of parameters \\(X=\\{x_1,\\dots,x_n\\}\\subset\\underline{m}\\) satisfying the requirements for \\(\\phi\\) above. This product gives a local characterization of \\(R_d\\). The construction of the product uses a local isomorphism of \\(A\\)-modules  \\[ PA\\cong S^AL_+^A\\Omega_A^1,\\text{}(n\\geq 0). \\]  Kapranov stated that there is an analogous global isomorphism, but due to the author, there is a gap in his proof. The author repairs the gap locally, and also proves under which conditions it holds globally. The article gives a nice introduction to Poisson algebras and the Poisson envelope of a commutative algebra. The construction of the associative product above is given in detail, called the ``local quantization of the Poisson envelope''. In addition to the previous mentioned results, chapter 3 contains an interesting Poisson analogue of the commutator filtration. This filtration is in some sense equivalent to the commutator filtration, and contains what is sufficient to prove the 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