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The authors establish a bijection between the set of the alternating sign matrices of type \\(n\\times n\\) and the set of the \\(n\\times n\\) matrices of type \\(\\mathcal P\\). Then they study the symmetries presented by the alternating sign matrices. By generalizing the matrices of type \\(\\mathcal P\\), one can compute the number of matrices having some symmetries and it is sufficient to consider this kind of matrices in coding theory. 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