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First, it studies the Hausdorff dimension of self-similar sets, where the open set condition cannot be applied. Second, it deals with post critically finite self-similar sets (p.c.f. sets) using the ``shortest path metric''. The paper also contains a great variety of examples and remarkable observations.   Recall the well-known result of P. Moran [see for example \\textit{K. Falconer}: ``The geometry of fractals'' (1985; Zbl 0587.28004)]: Let \\(f_i\\) be the \\(r_i\\)-similitude of \\(\\mathbb{R}^n\\) for \\(i = 1, 2, \\dots, N\\); that is for all \\(x,y \\in \\mathbb{R}^n\\), \\(d(f_i (x), f_i(y)) = r_i d(x,y)\\), where \\(d\\) is the Euclidean metric on \\(\\mathbb{R}^n\\). We suppose that the open set condition is satisfied, i.e., there exists an open set \\(O \\subset \\mathbb{R}^n\\) such that \\(\\cup^N_{i = 1} f_i (O) \\subset O\\) and \\(f_i (O) \\cap f_j (O) = \\emptyset\\) for \\(i \\neq j\\), then the Hausdorff dimension of \\(K\\) such that \\(K = \\cup_{i = 1}^N f_i (K)\\) is the unique number \\(\\alpha\\) that satisfies \\(\\sum^N_{i = 1} r^\\alpha_i = 1\\).    The author generalizes this result using instead of the ordinary metric \\(d\\) the effective resistance metric introduced in his previous paper [Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 115, No. 2, 291-303 (1994; Zbl 0803.60074)]. He is able to apply his Theorem to estimate the dimension of certain fractals as for example the Levy's curve.   In the second part of this work it is given a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of shortest path metric on p.c.f. sets (note that for any two points \\(p\\) and \\(q\\) on this metric space there exists a geodesic between \\(p\\) and \\(q)\\). The notion p.c.f. sets, introduced by the author [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 355, No. 2, 721-755 (1993; Zbl 0773.31009)], is a mathematical justification of the ``finitely ramified'' self-similar sets. Roughly speaking, a set \\(K\\) as above is finitely ramified if \\(\\# (\\cup_{i \\not \\equiv j} (f_i (K) \\cap f_j (K)))\\) is finite.   Note: Recently, similar problems were examined with the ``interior metric''; see \\textit{C. Bandt} and \\textit{T. Kuschel} [Suppl. Rend. Circ. Mat. Palermo, II. 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