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Call a curve \\(C\\) orientation primitive if there does not exist an orientation-preserving curve \\(D\\) and an integer \\(n\\) such that \\(D^n\\) \\((D\\) traversed \\(n\\) times) is homotopic to \\(C\\). The authors prove the following    Theorem: If \\(C_1, \\dots, C_k\\) and \\(C_1', \\dots, C_k'\\), are orientation-primitive closed curves on a compact surface \\(S\\), then the following two conditions are equivalent:    (i) \\(C_1, \\dots, C_k\\) and \\(C_1', \\dots C_k'\\), are homotopy equivalent.   (ii) For every closed curve \\(D\\) on \\(S\\),  \\[ \\sum^k_{i = 1} \\text{min cr} (C_i, D) = \\sum^{k'}_{i = 1} \\text{min cr} (C_i', D), \\]  where \\(\\text{min cr}(C, D)\\) denotes the minimum of the number of crossings of curves \\(\\widetilde {C}\\) and \\(\\widetilde {D}\\) with \\(\\widetilde {C}\\), \\(\\widetilde {D}\\) homotopic to \\(C\\), \\(D\\), respectively.   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