{"entities":{"Q1900023":{"pageid":1910765,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1900023","lastrevid":73723647,"modified":"2026-04-14T17:02:48Z","type":"item","id":"Q1900023","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"The geometry of surfaces in 4-space from a contact viewpoint"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 806217"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$F58B07D2-FF20-4F14-BF84-5BD85312D8D1","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"c55c8bfc902abbdeb0c163fda82c4f810ad24741","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"The geometry of surfaces in 4-space from a contact viewpoint","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$48DDBC05-1CB8-433D-A4F4-FBD8B1A79C4B","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"b495c87f164ecaff4b4fe4ea094fdf14557bbfe1","datavalue":{"value":"0834.53006","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$EAD92899-688B-4E2C-9CF3-9F1BF307AAD3","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"b6bd1b2fbf3f1197a9c121e1908c44810071896b","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF01265348","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$D9F77DFE-F4DF-4BA0-9507-26D946D1BF95","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"cc45e6b9322bed7360e4aac2a42f8c73614b44f3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1787138,"id":"Q1787138"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$BF288833-0420-4866-8648-5BBC6C64821C","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"7b27d55f344dc6bfd48e3ff9582c04d67175a8a8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":181320,"id":"Q181320"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$B380A5AA-08D5-4FBA-AD64-BADA60A2A038","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"bda127e5acd91919ce32dabda0c629a2425e3ce4","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1996-04-17T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$6C65DE53-8BB4-49CA-A10A-B7B8CAE02E1A","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"94e869fea239a25f78d7d3457665966accccbe80","datavalue":{"value":"Given a surface \\(M\\) in \\(\\mathbb{R}^4\\) and a point \\(x \\in M\\), let \\(\\gamma_\\theta\\) be the curve defined as the intersection of \\(M\\) with the hyperplane composed of the normal plane at \\(x\\) and the line in the tangent plane with direction \\(\\theta\\). When \\(\\theta\\) moves, the curvature vector at \\(x\\) of the curve \\(\\gamma_\\theta\\) lying in the normal plane draws a closed curve, which is called the curvature ellipse. When this ellipse is degenerate, the point \\(x\\) is called an inflection point. The authors investigate the geometry of surfaces in \\(\\mathbb{R}^4\\), in particular, the curvature ellipse relying on the study of the singularities of the height function, i.e., the study of contacts of \\(M\\) with hyperplanes. In the end they prove that, generically, any embedded convex 2-sphere in \\(\\mathbb{R}^4\\) has inflection points.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$44A9FADA-1C0D-489B-9A3A-DD290C8542CD","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"2537c8eda8fd9c8bf8aaf5e36a2f684e2bb8e905","datavalue":{"value":"53A05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$09E30536-3077-469E-9BB4-640D249327C9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"3e91529a8a08801bafc0325eb71a11714228bfc1","datavalue":{"value":"52A20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$E93917CB-A976-4E82-B022-6F7D1F70A0FE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"ff5a99b694950dbf951f8cf84bd00328a8aa0fcf","datavalue":{"value":"58C25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$7FB16EF3-088A-4EC0-BF50-0FF688A0324D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"73a5a60e52ad9e52f18fc2ac3efc52f191e99593","datavalue":{"value":"58K99","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$53CC3763-4EB7-421E-B1CF-C1094C4A588B","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"6c5c8a419f0e64f1c5e706d2999961b44a274105","datavalue":{"value":"806217","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$482C1C9A-D9A0-4810-9FCF-CCE872B5877E","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b2b9da0be7fbe0f1ee404f03998342ad371710ef","datavalue":{"value":"surface in 4-space","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$2784ED7C-C31B-4F1B-A82F-D677CA802DD4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"35a22833d9849da7feaaa5cca45640d83417c8dd","datavalue":{"value":"curvature ellipse","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$D15DE417-9569-4152-8AFE-695FF8834A70","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"7d06a0222479dac9b904cc65d571460f0aceda83","datavalue":{"value":"inflection point","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$CDB18773-7CC2-447A-9088-F771CEF56C4D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9db1c0ae89395ebe5773ab1c269dbae3ee97b321","datavalue":{"value":"height function","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$6330918C-C007-41C4-9D62-554F3AF91553","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$BFE08656-4F67-4ECC-98F9-633EB985FE06","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"bf2d23454c0f9e351c6d7036d7e758696d215550","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1213195,"id":"Q1213195"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$58BCF913-D81D-4DBD-9841-A37789FE691E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"704dffc1ab70adc2f04396d9c33cc06578c74a75","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5510179,"id":"Q5510179"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$078F9751-E33E-424D-BB93-0DF82E028CF6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a51c4a52f044b6b009003beaf02f43d01935ecad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5538696,"id":"Q5538696"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$B161952B-3A19-4795-8BC5-464E12127AE5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1ab99172c1dd9c589bbef98770dc6c8190d51cee","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4046802,"id":"Q4046802"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$E1DE61CA-3E7C-4B59-AB21-A9044F22C1FE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2f9ff0a12eccff61697b69e92ab91d722cb338c2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2536448,"id":"Q2536448"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$BE8950E8-81A4-4AAF-A6B6-DB61CFD32993","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d2ab906fb37e43cbd3c8864260aa9a72aed28043","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2549181,"id":"Q2549181"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$5E559B31-11A6-4E5E-873D-1B8EEA8BABEE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9296ad3efaa989c2afb88aa1ddc9065e13980e11","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3040166,"id":"Q3040166"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$39811D06-8F12-4BC0-96AC-77CDA2885286","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d0317f38b12390e6a5f17d2eb6d6129f527ef1a8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":791875,"id":"Q791875"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$42C61F1B-F371-4ADD-AAA0-C859ADBDA4CB","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"84eebc88aacf791da3be6dd8a8f476b33b0c2b97","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01265348","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$E64C4D77-8904-41F1-AE7E-3FEAF903AB26","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"24faf9145e9b109cb21bf06746cc563a807b4f8b","datavalue":{"value":"W1996512479","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1900023$4149D3F6-32CD-4704-A3DC-7831C0EF92EB","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ecdeed96eb5905587e6cc806d2638ee5526156eb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2452691,"id":"Q2452691"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c317b73531f09112830f39a1ed0918bfbd5bf9c3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8680733442306519","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1900023$AA50D018-ADD0-4677-B265-9A55750E7B33","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7f74ed6ef625d2b1c85f92b73ee9ed7e4fe53624","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2322406,"id":"Q2322406"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1936f318a8424a2ccc025cb06153f19befeafef8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8135440349578857","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1900023$6EB50772-7F65-46C3-8AF6-6694BA32C885","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ff70f95828c93c7ee33c11094edd2fa3a56dc174","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":664641,"id":"Q664641"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ed1df855811dc00397cfd894c5aa3f41c3c6cf99","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8133594989776611","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1900023$AB0D301D-42B3-4C86-BF7D-DB82D2EC26F8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2e41f3b086cbfef6e4996fa2255620011b18c002","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4955720,"id":"Q4955720"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7bce063626ccdfd25cd23a893d19b5676732b6ba","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8117774128913879","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1900023$F2D8082D-ED8F-4F92-9C8F-0DD8AFC81426","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"The geometry of surfaces in 4-space from a contact viewpoint","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/The_geometry_of_surfaces_in_4-space_from_a_contact_viewpoint"}}}}}