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The problem is set in spaces similar to the usual Sobolev spaces \\(W^{m,p} (\\mathbb{R}^n)\\), with weights that control the behaviour of the function at infinity. \\(D (\\mathbb{R}^n)\\) denotes the space of infinitely differentiable functions with compact support and \\(D' (\\mathbb{R}^n)\\) denotes its dual space. Let \\(\\rho = (1 + |x |^2)^1/2\\), \\(r = |x |\\), \\(x \\in \\mathbb{R}^n\\).  \\[ W^{m, p}_{ \\alpha, \\beta} (\\mathbb{R}^n) = \\{u \\in D' (\\mathbb{R}^n);\\;\\forall \\lambda \\in \\mathbb{N}^n : 0 \\leq |\\lambda |\\leq k,\\;\\rho^{\\alpha - m + |\\lambda |} (\\ln (2 + r^2))^{\\beta - 1} D^\\lambda u \\in L^p (\\mathbb{R}^n);  \\]   \\[ \\forall \\lambda \\in \\mathbb{N}^n : k + 1 \\leq |\\lambda |\\leq m,\\;\\rho^{\\alpha - m + |\\lambda |} (\\ln (2 + r^2))^\\beta D^\\lambda u \\in L^p (\\mathbb{R}^n)\\}, \\]  which is a reflexive Banach space with natural norm \\(|u |_{W^{m, p}_{\\alpha, \\beta}} (\\mathbb{R}^n)\\), and the seminorm:   \\(|u |_{W^{m,p}_{\\alpha, \\beta}} (\\mathbb{R}^n) = (\\sum_{|\\lambda |= m} |\\rho ^\\alpha (\\ln (2 + r^2))^\\beta D^\\lambda u |^p_{L^p (\\mathbb{R}^n)} )^{1/p}\\). The main results in this paper are:   1) Let \\(\\alpha\\) and \\(\\beta\\) be two real numbers and \\(m \\geq 1\\) an integer not satisfying simultaneously \\((n/p) + \\alpha \\in \\{1,2, \\dots, m\\}\\) and \\((\\beta - 1) p = - 1\\). Let \\(q' = \\inf (q,m - 1)\\), where \\(q\\) is the highest degree of the polynomials contained in \\(W^{m, p}_{\\alpha, \\beta} (\\mathbb{R}^n)\\). Then the seminorm \\(|\\cdot |_{W^{m,p}_{\\alpha, \\beta}} (\\mathbb{R}^n)\\) defines on \\(W^{m,p}_{\\alpha, \\beta} (\\mathbb{R}^n)/P_{q'}\\) a norm which is equivalent to the quotient norm.   2) Let \\(\\ell\\) be a nonnegative integer and assume that \\(n/p\\), does not belong to \\(\\{1, \\dots, \\ell\\}\\), with the conventions that this set is empty when \\(\\ell = 0\\). The following Laplace operators are isomorphisms:  \\[ \\begin{aligned} \\Delta : W_\\ell^{1,p} (\\mathbb{R}^n)/P_{[1 - \\ell - n/p]} & \\mapsto W_\\ell^{-1, p} (\\mathbb{R}^n) \\perp P^\\Delta_{[\\ell + 1 - n/p']}, \\\\ \\Delta : W_\\ell^{2,p} (\\mathbb{R}^n)/P_{[2 - \\ell - n/p]} & \\mapsto W_\\ell^{0,p} (\\mathbb{R}^n) \\perp P^\\Delta_{[\\ell - n/p']}, \\\\ \\Delta : W_{- \\ell}^{2,p'} (\\mathbb{R}^n)/P^\\Delta_{[2 + \\ell - n/p']} & \\mapsto W_{-\\ell}^{0,p'} (\\mathbb{R}^n). \\end{aligned} \\] 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