{"entities":{"Q1901208":{"pageid":1911950,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1901208","lastrevid":69410550,"modified":"2026-04-13T06:48:48Z","type":"item","id":"Q1901208","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"On probability measures of the multidimensional complex plane"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 813146"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1901208$8D5EC60E-BB2D-433B-803A-E27FF61C613E","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"95745de978a0ff3cbd5784ab6ecc90b34eb60c5a","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"On probability measures of the multidimensional complex plane","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1901208$A1A0DEEE-F0FE-4D5D-864B-DE6467A7C886","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"87971478b5bf49b96de5f0582029d0ad87645c7b","datavalue":{"value":"0831.60006","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1901208$35454535-AB51-405E-9880-E5D152E28D99","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"7b06c87232b3525940c5d9efeaa5ec81572b3c0f","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF02336536","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1901208$D6255C74-AA88-4CD2-B408-23F6F9538234","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"6eae2a8f4ab11bae8edce7ff6ed79c3ee5c09211","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":90731,"id":"Q90731"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1901208$3D0A08D4-5D39-4932-BE3D-9586652FC8FA","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"67e6d558151d76766ac3cfc6864c7eb4e9945ae1","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1995-11-07T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1901208$EE01CF3C-687F-4D80-9242-7B3647FAE209","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"611d87cab251298998e7c7b0548b3e116ca29192","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(\\mathbb{C}\\) denote the complex plane, \\(\\mathbb{C}^s= \\undersetbrace s\\to{\\mathbb{C}\\times\\cdots \\times \\mathbb{C}}\\), \\(s\\geq 1\\), and let \\({\\mathfrak B}(\\mathbb{C}^s)\\) stand for the class of Borel subsets of the space \\(\\mathbb{C}^s\\). The paper gives a criterion of the weak convergence of probability measures on \\((\\mathbb{C}^s, {\\mathfrak B}(\\mathbb{C}^s))\\) based on the trigonometric form of complex numbers by terms of characteristic transforms. Let \\(P\\) be a probability measure on \\((\\mathbb{C}^s, {\\mathfrak B}(\\mathbb{C}^s))\\), and let \\(P_j\\), \\(j= 1,\\dots, s\\), \\(P_{j,l}\\), \\(j,l= 1,\\dots s\\), \\(j\\neq l\\), \\(P_{1,\\dots, j- 1, j+1,\\dots, s}\\), \\(j= 1,\\dots, s\\), denote its one-dimensional, two-dimensional, \\dots, \\((s- 1)\\)- dimensional marginal distribution, respectively. Then the functions  \\[ w_j(t_j, k_j)= \\int_{\\mathbb{C}} r_j^{it_j} e^{ik_j\\varphi_j} dP_j,\\qquad j= 1,\\dots, s, \\]   \\[ w_{j,l}(t_j, t_l, k_j, k_l)= \\int_{\\mathbb{C}^2} r_j^{it_j} r_l^{it_l} e^{ik_j \\varphi_j+ ik_l \\varphi_l} dP_{j, l},\\quad j,l= 1,\\dots, s,\\;j\\neq l, \\]   \\[ w({\\mathbf t}, {\\mathbf k})= \\int_{\\mathbb{C}^s} {\\mathbf r}^{{\\mathbf i}{\\mathbf t}} e^{i({\\mathbf k},\\underline {\\varphi})} dP \\]  are called the characteristic transforms of the measure \\(P\\) provided that the integrands are equal to zero when \\(r_j= 0\\) for some \\(j= 1,\\dots, s\\). Here \\({\\mathbf r}^{{\\mathbf i}{\\mathbf t}}= r_1^{it_1}\\cdots r_s^{it_s}\\), \\(\\underline {\\varphi}= (\\varphi_1,\\dots, \\varphi_s)\\), \\(r_j= |z_j|\\), \\(\\varphi_j= \\arg z_j\\), \\({\\mathbf t}= (t_1,\\dots, t_s)\\), \\({\\mathbf k}= (k_1,\\dots, k_s)\\), \\(t_j\\in \\mathbb{R}\\), \\(k_j\\in \\mathbb{Z}\\), \\(({\\mathbf k}, \\underline {\\varphi})= k_1 \\varphi_1+\\cdots+ k_s\\varphi_s\\).   It turns out that the measure \\(P\\) is uniquely determined by its characteristic transforms. The probability measure \\(P_n\\) converges weakly in the sense \\(\\mathbb{C}^s\\) to \\(P\\) as \\(n\\to \\infty\\) if \\(P_n\\) converges weakly to \\(P\\) and if in addition  \\[ P_{j;n}(0)@> n\\to\\infty>> P_j(0),\\qquad j= 1,\\dots, s, \\]   \\[ P_{j,l; n}(\\mathbb{C}^2\\backslash (\\mathbb{C}\\backslash \\{0\\})^2)@> n\\to \\infty>> P_{j,l}(\\mathbb{C}^2\\backslash (\\mathbb{C} \\backslash \\{0\\})^2),\\quad j,l= 1,\\dots, s,\\;j\\neq l, \\]   \\[ P_n(\\mathbb{C}^s\\backslash (\\mathbb{C}\\backslash \\{0\\})^s)@> n\\to \\infty>> P(\\mathbb{C}^s\\backslash (\\mathbb{C}\\backslash \\{0\\})^s). \\]  If the characteristic transforms of the measure \\(P_n\\) converge to some functions as \\(n\\to \\infty\\), continuous in \\(t\\) at zero, then there exists a probability measure \\(P\\) on \\((\\mathbb{C}^s, {\\mathfrak B}(\\mathbb{C}^s))\\) such that \\(P_n\\) converges weakly in the sense \\(\\mathbb{C}^s\\) to \\(P\\) as \\(n\\to \\infty\\). On the contrary, if \\(P_n@> n\\to \\infty>> P\\) in the sense \\(\\mathbb{C}^s\\), then its characteristic transforms converge to corresponding characteristic transforms of \\(P\\).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1901208$B5CFC558-9D59-4A82-BD4B-0F7E65D4D7C1","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"768e88eb8fd57b1b3642f57f6febfb158cf49c8d","datavalue":{"value":"60B10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1901208$E4E2238C-105A-43DF-BCA7-CFEF2A4DD8C0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"739e004674139c2b61782ece3788a457e8d3f5b8","datavalue":{"value":"60E10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1901208$89FE957C-9FC6-4342-88B7-05C7A22A9840","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"05056944497da9f1b646ee0bf96abfad2f88ecb2","datavalue":{"value":"813146","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1901208$5E9F85B6-0E0E-477E-A418-707632465E2A","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"99ab8f927bf525fe1ebfd802249c792549eff7bc","datavalue":{"value":"weak convergence of probability measures","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1901208$8599B42D-B55B-4724-BEC1-8B7C95D047F9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"22d37fd862c43eee295d111720da170d23b3696d","datavalue":{"value":"characteristic transforms","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1901208$7C3FD886-DE2B-4EF3-BE86-EBF2D060B031","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"505c66e78f4f60fa280bfc52c8eadeacd7b3543a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":266537,"id":"Q266537"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1901208$CCF38DEB-9D95-4489-878E-5540598324CC","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1901208$EA6B94D6-0974-45B4-9DE9-0B461C60024C","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2661ab568261753415dde6526ce833be72ab32da","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4065751,"id":"Q4065751"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1901208$92B93114-0FF8-44A8-B622-3BD4CF95B56F","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"e998d4b124932869db3f62aa8fdb3fcc00658b45","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02336536","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1901208$F2D66DB1-E50B-49F8-BE69-3C826191A7A6","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"c52b76dbe8ce8b64aac01ee2f0a6ef5f5438f996","datavalue":{"value":"W1990052312","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1901208$C6D4EAC1-FF7A-4CFE-BBEA-C478F9E0EE16","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"8b0595d62ab0be7031ee78ece33e247696cfd9c1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3547456,"id":"Q3547456"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ea8c5027110a8106873d142a6b2fe474dc1f9fb0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.902493","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1901208$516E1305-D3ED-4BF2-AD07-D0AAD00CB558","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9ab629cdef46bc91f650bd177c01329fd1e416d1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4720464,"id":"Q4720464"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"aa2ec25068535bd455470f81f0c81a2508e42a00","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.90012723","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1901208$51346C7E-7A2C-4991-A94E-9492770153F9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"98eff98febcae9499ca7bc84a6d59825f85644b2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":602002,"id":"Q602002"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e3c3ea8878d5f8b783a29b2634e7dc0e23834789","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.89321226","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1901208$3DF520B2-ED4B-41B2-8202-07197A775551","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9c36943c823191bd14a105c3cabf11e026d4726b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2361267,"id":"Q2361267"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e863466e775fa640cd077e3aa7e0efc028f62ec4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.892979","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1901208$831858E4-EDE7-4851-ADAC-A2CF6A8E30B7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"909fe6ea7235d3490149efea62e4cc7c00d4b548","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3083169,"id":"Q3083169"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6e910a550ef5f7f437fc136ba2e8a2c0533ee338","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.89213926","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1901208$E9AC8A33-672F-431D-BC15-B133F9EC4A6B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"505fc32ca21d9e0ebca5e753255393640a54721a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5186460,"id":"Q5186460"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"25ed437386eb7449e21255a09bb27aa453910b6c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8898573","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1901208$7066A9C4-4BE8-4B8B-8F64-1C0A4CD69F70","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f6edd78c5b778598988fff98770fda5651716670","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3217328,"id":"Q3217328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"25ed437386eb7449e21255a09bb27aa453910b6c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8898573","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1901208$B6764E34-C9C7-442F-ACF2-B5A792EEEA0C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"eb9f42c724aa17bd005320f28605f8d34faf1f06","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2470973,"id":"Q2470973"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"add2027a704341c52e38b723b06f2d835533bf69","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.88907945","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1901208$648D5204-6AAF-4B84-9654-26E20819D382","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f4b71ab09ab482447d9b7c9742d59e0cfb96129d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2073241,"id":"Q2073241"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"405a280243db5b21690077f61d832c5c8ecc5a50","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8880793","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1901208$F9560E48-8711-4918-A7BA-FE01FA30E262","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"882c3b80d73f94c24a7a4dbbbd36983233a3a5b3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3090015,"id":"Q3090015"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8b5b9ad3e8d009d656ba6a5ebe2b6132aee7d3c3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.88571364","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1901208$98DF0664-BD21-4148-AC7B-0D1BB20EBA1A","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"On probability measures of the multidimensional complex plane","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/On_probability_measures_of_the_multidimensional_complex_plane"}}}}}